Month: August 2020
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Isometric contraction
A muscle fiber contraction that does not result in a length change in muscle fiber. An system of exercise in which the muscle contracts but does not shorten when force is exerted on a stationary object, isometric exercise. Development of muscle tension with equal oppositional force. A muscular contraction in which the muscle increases tension…
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Isokinetic contraction
A muscle fiber contraction in which the velocity of the contraction is kept constant. A muscular contraction performed against a controlled maximum resistance throughout the full range of motion. Muscle contraction during which the speed of the contraction is held constant and the resistance varied to match the force exerted.
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Isokinematic contraction
A muscle contraction in which the rate of limb displacement or joint rotation is held constant with the use of specialized equipment.
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Irritability
The ability of a muscle to receive and respond to stimuli. In psychology, the ability to respond to stimuli. The state of being irritable. The property of certain kinds of tissue that enables them to respond in a specific way to outside stimuli. Irritability is shown by nerve cells, which can generate and transmit electrical…
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Internal respiration
The exchange of gases between the blood and tissues at the cellular level. The part of respiration concerned with the passage of oxygen from the blood to the tissues, and the passage of carbon dioxide from the tissues to the blood. The exchange of gases in body tissues; oxygen diffuses from the blood to the…
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Intercalated discs
The junction between adjacent cardiac muscle cells that forms a mechanical and electrical connection between cells. Closely applied cell membranes at the end of adjacent cells in cardiac muscle, seen as transverse lines.
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Hypokinetic diseases
Diseases caused by and/or associated with lack of physical activity. Hypokinetic diseases are lifestyle diseases resulting from inadequate physical fitness. Examples are heart disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, stroke, back pain, and cancer.
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Hyperthermia
The increase in body temperature with exercise. A treatment method in which the body’s or a part of the body’s temperature is raised. General term for excessively high body temperature, as in malignant hyperthermia. Extremely high body temperature, sometimes induced as a treatment, as in some forms of cancer. Greatly increased body temperature, resulting from…
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Hyperpnea
Increased pulmonary ventilation that matches an increased metabolic demand, such as during exercise. An increase in the rate and amplitude of respiration. An increase in the rate of breathing that is proportional to an increase in metabolism; for example, on exercise. An increased respiratory rate, or breathing that is deeper than that usually experienced during…
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Hydrostatic weighing
Criterion measure for determining body composition through the calculation of body density. A method for determining body fat where the body is weighed in air and then in water. Method of estimating body fat. Also referred to as underwater weighing. A method for analyzing body composition involves measuring the amount of water displaced by an…