Month: August 2020
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Herniated disc
A condition that occurs when the nucleus pulposus distends outside of the intervertebral disc, usually quite painful. Rupture of fibro-cartilage of the disc between vertebrae of the spinal column (intervertebral discs), occurring most often in the lumbar region. With the ruptured disc there is a lack of cushioning between the vertebrae above and below and…
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Heart failure
Congestion or accumulation of fluid in various parts of the body result from the inability of the heart to pump out all the blood that returns to it. A condition characterized by the inability of the heart to perform its proper pumping action. The failure of the heart to maintain the output of blood to…
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Frontal
A plane, vertical to the median line that divides the body into anterior and posterior parts. Pertaining to the region of the forehead. Referring to the forehead or to the front of the head. In anatomy, pert, to or located in the front; anterior. This term pertains to the anterior part of an organ, such…
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Fixator
A muscle acting to immobilize a joint or bone; fixes the origin of prime movers so muscle action occurring is exerted at the insertion. A metal rod placed through a bone to keep a part of the body rigid.
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Fasciculi
Bundles of nerve, muscle, or tendon fibers, separated by connective tissue.
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Ergometer
An apparatus for measuring workloads by an individual, e.g., bicycle. An exercise device. A device designed to measure the amount of energy used or amount of work done while a person is engaged in a specific task. An ergometer may be used to test the overall ability of the heart, lungs, blood vessels, and muscles…
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Epicardium
Thin, transparent outer layer of the heart wall. Serous membrane on the surface of the myocardium. The inner layer of the pericardium which lines the walls of the heart, outside the myocardium. Innermost of the two layers of the pericardium, the membranous covering of the heart. The outermost layer of the heart wall, enveloping the…
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Endocrine glands
Ductless glands that empty their secretions directly into the blood stream; these secretions contain specific hormones that influence growth, reproduction, emotion. Glands that secrete their products (hormones) into the blood, which then carries them to their specific target organs. For example, adrenalin, produced in the adrenal glands, is carried to the heart (and other muscles)…
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Empty calories
A term used to denote food contributing calories that are void of nutrients, protein, vitamins, and minerals, i.e., alcohol, sugar, fat. Foods containing only calories but no significant amounts of other nutrients. Calories that provide very little if any nutritional value with the exception of providing calories found in simple sugars.
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Electrolyte imbalance
Inappropriate concentration of ions in body fluids.