An uncommon cancer that can occur in any part of the esophagus (the tube that connects the throat and stomach). As a tumor grows, dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) is often the first symptom of cancer. Difficulty in swallowing requires a physician’s attention. Other symptoms of cancer of the esophagus include coughing, hoarseness, choking on food, indigestion, heartburn, vomiting, and weight loss. Cancer of the esophagus most frequently appears in people age 55 or older. The diagnosis of cancer of the esophagus is based on a physical examination, medical history, and a number of tests, often including a gastrointestinal (GI) series or a gastroscopy.