A metallic oxide constituent of dental porcelain that increases hardness and viscosity.
A high‐strength ceramic crystal dispersed throughout a glassy phase to increase its strength, as in aluminous dental porcelain used to fabricate aluminous porcelain crowns.
A finely ground ceramic particle (frequently 50 μm) often used in conjunction with air‐borne particle abrasion of metal castings before the application of porcelain as with metal ceramic restorations. Aluminum oxide has been replaced by titanium as the material of choice for implants.