Defect or loss of the power of expression by writing, speech or signs, or of comprehending written or spoken language due to disease of or injury to the brain.
Loss of a previously possessed facility of language comprehension or production that cannot be explained by sensory or motor defects or by diffuse cerebral dysfunction; it may be seen in dementia.
Loss of the ability to use or understand words.
Loss or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs due to dysfunction of brain centers.
A nerve defect that results in loss of speech.
A disorder of language produced by lesions in certain association areas of the cortex. A lesion in Broca’s area leads to expressive whereas a lesion in Wernicke’s area leads to receptive.
A condition in which a person is unable to speak or write, or to understand speech or writing because of damage to the brain centres controlling speech.
Loss or impairment of the ability to use words and to understand language symbols in reading, writing, or speaking, usually resulting from head injury, disease, or delayed development of the central nervous system, called developmental aphasia. Impairment of language ability is also called dysphasia. A type of aphasia involving the inability to recall the names of people, objects, and places is called anomia; difficulty in producing handwriting is called dysgraphia, and total inability is agraphia. Children with learning disabilities or other developmental disorders may sometimes have aphasia, and they experience great frustration at knowing what they want to say but being unable to say it.
Inability to speak or express oneself in writing or to comprehend spoken or written language because of a brain lesion (e.g., the result of a cerebrovascular accident stroke).
Condition without speech; may be defined further as expressive or receptive types.
Language problems caused by injury to the brain. People with aphasia have problems with speaking, under-standing, reading, or writing. Aphasia is sometimes confused with dysarthria, which is trouble speaking or forming words because of an impairment in the function of the muscles required for speech.
A disorder of language affecting the generation of speech and its understanding and not simply a disorder of articulation. It is caused by disease in the left half of the brain (the dominant hemisphere) in a right-handed person. It is commonly accompanied by difficulties in reading and writing.
Inability to speak caused by disease of or injury to the cerebral cortex in the left half of the brain (in a right-handed person), affecting the generation and content of speech as well as the understanding of language. It is accompanied by problems with reading and writing. Comprehension and expression of language occur in two zones of the cerebral cortex (the outer layer of the main part of the brain). These are known as Wernicke’s area (comprehension) and Broca’s area (speech formulation).
Absence or impairment of the ability to communicate through speech, writing, or signs because of brain dysfunction. It is considered complete or total when both sensory and motor areas are involved.
In the realm of human communication, a profound occurrence emerges, characterized by the unfortunate deprivation of a once-attained capacity to engage in speech or comprehend written or spoken language. This phenomenon, commonly referred to as aphasia, entails the loss of linguistic abilities that were previously acquired, resulting in significant challenges in both expression and comprehension of language.
Aphasia is a condition characterized by the total loss of previously acquired language skills, resulting from a brain disorder that impairs the ability to speak, write, comprehend, and read. In addition to these language-related difficulties, aphasia may also manifest in associated disabilities such as alexia, which refers to word blindness, and agraphia, which entails difficulties in writing.
Language function within the brain is primarily localized in the dominant cerebral hemisphere. Two specific regions, known as Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area, along with the connecting pathways between them, play a crucial role in language skills. Damage to these areas, often resulting from stroke or head injury, can give rise to aphasia, a condition characterized by language impairments.
Broca’s aphasia is associated with challenges in language expression. Individuals with this condition experience laborious speech with an altered rhythm, yet the words they manage to utter often retain meaning. Additionally, writing abilities may also be impaired in individuals affected by Broca’s aphasia.
Wernicke’s aphasia is characterized by challenges in language comprehension. Individuals with this condition exhibit fluent speech, but the content is often disrupted, leading to errors in word selection and grammar. Additionally, writing abilities are impaired, and there may be difficulties in understanding both spoken and written language in individuals affected by Wernicke’s aphasia.
Associative aphasia is characterized by preserved language comprehension, allowing the affected individual to write and speak. However, they face difficulties in repeating what they have heard and are unable to read aloud. Despite the ability to understand and produce language, the impairment lies specifically in the ability to repeat auditory information and vocalize written text.
Global aphasia is a severe form of aphasia characterized by the complete or near-total inability to speak, write, or understand language. Individuals with global aphasia experience profound impairments across all aspects of language communication, resulting in significant challenges in expressing thoughts, comprehending spoken and written words, and formulating written text.
Nominal aphasia is characterized by specific challenges in naming objects or finding appropriate words, while individuals affected by this condition may still be able to select the correct word from a given set of options. The primary difficulty lies in the retrieval and production of words, particularly in situations where the individual needs to name objects or express specific terms.
In jargon aphasia, an affected individual cannot form grammatical sentences and utters meaningless phrases composed of jumbled words or neologism.
Some recovery from aphasia is usual following a stroke or head injury, but the more severe the aphasia, the less the chances of recovery. Speech therapy is the main treatment.
The incapacity to employ certain or all words as representations of concepts or to grasp spoken or written language.