A method ofreproduction used by scientists to propagate (hybrid) plants without having to utilize sexual fertilization. By combining apomixis with tissue culture technology, cai Detian, Ma Piugfij, and Yao Jialin were able to thus propagate rice varieties in 1994. By “fixing” hybrid dominance, the need for (sexual) breeding is eliminated and the hybrid vigor is passed down via the seed from generation to generation.