An inflammation of the arachnoid membrane that covers the brain and spinal cord (usually involving the lumbar spine). Arachnoiditis may be caused by infection (such as bacterial infections, syphilis, or tubular meningitis) or trauma (such as from surgery, a lumbar puncture, spinal anesthesia, or myelography). This debilitating condition is characterized by intractable pain and neurological deficits. As arachnoiditis progresses, symptoms increase. Few people with this condition are able to continue working; some develop progressive paraplegia (paralysis of the legs). There is no cure for arachnoiditis. Treatment is focused on pain management and is intended to help the affected person resume a functional role in society. Neurosurgery to release nerve roots can be helpful.
Inflammation of the arachnoid membrane.
A rare condition known as arachnoiditis is defined by persistent inflammation and thickening of the arachnoid mater, which constitutes the middle layer among the three protective membranes called meninges that envelop the brain and spinal cord.
The exact cause of arachnoiditis is often unknown. However, the condition can develop following an episode of meningitis, which involves inflammation of the meninges, or a subarachnoid hemorrhage, a specific type of brain hemorrhage. It may also be associated with syphilis or ankylosing spondylitis, a disorder affecting the spine. Additionally, arachnoiditis can be a result of injury or certain medical procedures.
Symptoms of arachnoiditis may manifest as headaches, epileptic seizures, visual impairment, or impaired motor function caused by heightened muscle tension. Unfortunately, there is currently no known effective treatment for arachnoiditis.