A multispecies community of microorganisms that adhere to each other and a surface, and are encased in an extracellular matrix. The extracellular matrix is a complex polymeric substance, and protects the microorganisms from environmental stresses.
Thin layer of microorganisms adhering to the surface of a structure.
Films of bacteria or other microbial organisms, usually embedded in extracellular polymers such as implanted medical devices, which adhere to surfaces submerged in, or subjected to, aquatic environments (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed). Biofilms consist of multilayers of microbial cells glued together to form microbial communities which are highly resistant to both phagocytes and antibiotics.
A thin coating of bacteria embedded in a moist, adhesive matrix that may cover mucous membranes and devices placed inside the body, including catheters and stents. Bacteria thriving in a biofilm are resistant both to phagocytosis by white blood cells and to destruction by antibiotics.