Category: B

A breakdown product of heme (a part of haemoglobin in red blood cells) produced by the liver that is excreted in bile which causes a yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes when it accumulates in those organs. Orange- to yellow-colored compound in the blood plasma, produced by the breakdown of hemoglobin following the normal…

Old term used in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries pertaining to bad digestion, stomach pains, constipation, and excessive flatulence. A symptom-picture resulting from a short-term disordered liver, with constipation, frontal headache, spots in front of the eyes, poor appetite, and nausea or vomiting. The usual causes are heavy alcohol consumption, poor ventilation when working with…

Infection of organ(s) associated with bile, comprise: (a) acute cholecystitis: an acute inflammation of the gallbladder wall; (b) cholangitis: inflammation of the bile ducts.  

Relating to the bile or the organs in which the bile is contained or transported. Having to do with the liver, bile ducts, and/or gallbladder. To bile or the gallbladder and its ducts. Pertaining to bile, the gallbladder, and the ducts that transport bile, collectively forming the biliary system or tract. Related to bile, the…

Fluid secreted by the liver and discharged into the duodenum where it is integral in the digestion and absorption of fats. An emulsifying agent produced in the liver and secreted into the duodenum. Its composition includes bile acids and salts, cholesterol, and electrolytes. It aids digestion of fats in the duodenum. Alkaline fluid produced by…

Is a genus of Gram-positive, non-motile, often branched anaerobic bacteria. Bifidobacteria are one of the major genera of bacteria that make up the gut flora. Bifidobacteria aid in digestion, are associated with a lower incidence of allergies and also prevent some forms of tumour growth. Some bifidobacteria are being used as probiotics.  

Butylated hydroxytoluene (phenolic compound), an antioxidant used in foods, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and petroleum products. An antioxidant used in commercial food processing to prevent or retard fat-containing foods from becoming rancid: butylated hydroxyanisole. A food additive that serves as an antioxidant, particularly useful in preventing the autoxidation of unsaturated fatty acids.  

Enzymes produced by some bacteria that are responsible for their resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillins. An enzyme that destroys the beta lactam ring of penicillin-like antibiotics and makes them ineffective. Bacterial enzymes that render antibiotics containing beta-lactam rings, such as penicillins and cephalosporins, ineffective. Encounter an enzyme commonly referred to as lactamase, which serves…

An inherited blood disorder that reduces the production of hemoglobin.