Category: C

A change in amino acid residue in a protein to one with similar properties. For example, the substitution of isoleucine for leucine or aspartate for glutamate.  

Meal preparation technique in which each menu item is individually pureed and then presented either separately or in a casserole.  

Combination of substances with common sites of main action and interaction between the components. An example is the protection against goitrogens of the thiocarbamate type (e.g., goitrin) by iodine treatment. The goitrogens prevent the incorporation of iodine into tyrosine, the first step in thyroid hormone biosynthesis.  

The pairing of purine and pyrmidine bases of the DNA. Adenine is paired with thymine and cytosine with guanine. These pairs are linked together via hydrogen bonds, which form the cross-links between the two strands of DNA for the double helix typical of the nuclear genetic material. In RNA, adenine pairs with uracil.  

Variants in the base sequence for complement 3; some of these associate with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome. Polyunsaturated fatty acids can bind to complement 3 DNA, affecting its expression.  

Inhibition of an enzymatic reaction which occurs when a substance, closely related to the substrate, binds to the active site of the enzyme yet is not catalyzed by it. Inhibiting the function of an active material by competing for the cell receptor site.  

The division of a cell into smaller functionally discrete systems.  

The percentage of a consumed food that is digested and absorbed and which does not appear in the feces.  

A strand of DNA with the same sequence as mRNA.  

A nucleotide consisting of cytosine (a pyrimidine), ribose, and one high-energy phosphate group.