Category: C

Defective chromosome. Any change in the normal structure or number of chromosomes, often causing physical and mental abnormalities (e.g., Down’s syndrome, Kleinfelter’s syndrome). An abnormality in chromosomes regarding number (aneuploidy, polyploidy) or chromosomal material (translocation, deletion, duplication).  

A specialized protoplasmic body containing carotenoids or other pigments, with the exception of chlorophyll.  

Color-imparting portion of a chromogen. Any chemical that displays color when present in a cell that has been prepared properly. A color component within the skin such as blood or melanin.  

An optically single thread within the chromosome.  

One of the linear series of chromatin bodies in a chromosome.  

The color-imparting portion of a dye. A bacterium the colonies of which exhibit bright colouring. Among the species affecting man are certain of the enterobacteria and mycobacteria. Any chemical that may be changed into a colored material.  

A body produced by fusion of the heterochromatin region of the autosomes and Y chromosome in salivary gland preparations of certain Diptera.  

Small particles of chromatin outside the nucleus of a cell.  

A colored plastid or cell. Pigment cell. Any pigment-bearing cell in the eyes, hair and skin. A cell containing pigment. In man chromatophores containing melanin are found in the skin, hair, and eyes.  

A chemical analysis that separates a substance into its components.