Category: C

Free-living, transparent nematode, about 1 mm in length, which lives in temperate soil environments. Research into the molecular and developmental biology of C. elegans was begun in 1974 by Sydney Brenner, and C. elegans has since been used extensively as a model organism. C. elegans is one of the simplest organisms with a nervous system.…

A business structure in which the defining feature is legal independence from the people who create it. Corporations exist as a product of corporate law, and their rules balance the interests of the management who operate the corporation; creditors who loan it goods, services, or money; shareholders that invest their capital and the employees who…

Also known as coronary artery disease (CAD), in which atherosclerosis develops in the arteries of the heart. (Also called coronary artery disease or ischemic heart disease) results from damage to the coronary arteries supplying the heart muscle (myocardium). A condition in which there is a deficient blood supply to the cardiac muscle. It is caused…

The blood vessels in the heart. Two main arteries, arising from the aorta, arching down over the top of the heart, and carrying blood to the heart muscle. The two large arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. Impairment or blockage of one or more of these arteries can lead to a heart attack.…

The transfer of heat by the movement of a liquid or gas between areas of different temperatures. The conveyance of heat in liquid or gaseous form by the movement of heated particles. The movement of solutes that occurs during ultrafiltration of a fluid. Heat dissipation through the motion of air or water molecules in proximity…

The property of muscle that allows it to shorten and thicken or to contract when it is stimulated to do so. (a) The ability of a muscle to respond to a stimulus by shortening; (b) The force of contraction of the heart. Having the ability to contract or shorten.  

Resembles a bell curve. After warming up, a steady-state level of training is maintained in the target training zone for a prescribed length of time.  

The transfer of heat to a substance or object in contact with the body. The act of transmitting or conveying certain forms of energy from one point to another without evident movement in the conducting body. The process of passing heat, sound or nervous impulses from one part of the body to another. Transport of…

A muscle action in which the muscle creates tension while shortening or contracting.  

Starches; Chains of three or more single sugar molecules linked together that require a more complex digestive process than simple carbohydrates and provide a longer, steady stream of energy. Polymers of simple sugars (monosaccharides) that are branched and which may contain lipid or protein or other substituents (SH groups, etc.). Complex carbohydrate is a digestible…