Category: C
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Case report
A type of documentation in which diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of a patient are described. A detailed report of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports also contain some demographic information about the patient (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin). A formal summary of a unique patient and his or her…
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Case history
The data collected about an individual, family, environmental factors (including medical/dental history) and any other information that may be useful in analyzing and diagnosing conditions, or for instructional purposes; best termed the patient history. Complete patient history up to the time of admission or treatment. Includes the medical, family, and social history, as well as…
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Case–control study
Study design used to identify factors that may contribute to a medical condition by comparing a group of patients who have that condition (experimental group) with a group of patients who do not (control group). An Inquiry in which groups of individuals are selected because they do (the cases) or do not (the controls) have…
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Cartilage
A derivative of connective tissue arising from the mesenchyme. Typical hyaline cartilage is a flexible, rather elastic material with a semi‐transparent glass‐like appearance. Its ground substance is a complex protein through which is distributed a large network of connective tissue fibers. White, semi-opaque fibrous connective tissue; cushions and prevents wear on articular surfaces. Specialized fibrous…
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Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)
An emergency procedure involving manual compression of the chest overlying the heart and forcing air into the lungs, maintaining circulation when circumstances render the heart unable to pump blood. An emergency procedure consisting of external cardiac massage and artificial respiration. First-aid measure to aid an individual suffering from lack of oxygen, conscious or unconscious. A…
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Carbon fiber
Filaments made by high‐temperature carbonizing of acrylic fiber. Used in the production of high‐strength composites.
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Carbide bur
A rotary cutting instrument made from tungsten carbide.
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Carat
A standard of gold fineness. The percentage of gold in an alloy, stated in parts per 24. Pure gold is designated 24 carat.
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Capsular ligament
Referencing the temporomandibular joint, a thin, loose, envelope‐like fibrous band of tissue that connects the head of the mandible’s condyle with the glenoid fossa. It is attached superiorly to the circumference of the glenoid fossa, anteriorly to the articular tubercle, and inferiorly to the condyle of the mandible. Heavy fibrous structures, lined with synovial membrane…
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Capsular fibrosis
As related to the temporomandibular joint, a contracture of the capsular ligament due to a fibrotic change.