Category: D
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Disease and symptom-prevalence study
A study designed to measure the occurrence of self-reported disease that may in some instances be validated through medical records or physical examinations, and to determine those adverse health conditions that may require further investigation because they were reported at an excess rate. This study can only be considered hypothesis generated.
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Discrimination learning tasks
Tasks designed to study the processes by which children learn to distinguish among categories of objects.
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Discriminate function analysis
In research, determination of the capacity of two or more independent variables to predict correctly the categorization of individuals scaled on a nominal variable.
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Discretionary funds
Federal funding for specific programs granted after specific needs are identified and documented.
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Discovery teaching
In education, a form of teaching in which the teacher arranges the learning environment so that learners find the answers through discovery.
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Discontinuous variation
Distinct categories or classes such as black versus white and tall versus dwarf, continuous variable.
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Disconfirmation
In research, the process of trying to invalidate a proposition. Causal relationships can never be proved; there may always be some as yet untested circumstance under which the relationship does not hold. With each successful test, the relation is said to have escaped disconfirmation.
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Disconcerted
To be thrown into a state of confusion or disorder.
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Disclosure
The degree to which a person reveals parts of the self that are not obvious or widely known.
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Discipline
Purposeful punishment. A field of study, such as medicine or nursing. A branch or domain of knowledge, instruction, or learning. Nursing, medicine, physical therapy, and social work are examples of health-related or professional disciplines. History, sociology, psychology, chemistry, and physics are examples of academic disciplines. The act of teaching a child through correction, direction, rules,…