Category: E

A toxin, produced by certain strains of Staphylococcus aureus, responsible for the major dermatological changes in staphylococcal “scalded skin” syndrome in neonates and adults.  

A measure of cardiovascular (or cardiopulmonary) fitness, in which people exert themselves while having their heart rate, blood pressure, oxygen saturation, and electrocardiographic response monitored. A treadmill or ergometer is typically used as the testing device. The amount of exercise the patient must perform is increased gradually over several minutes, until the patient experiences excessive…

The ability of a person to increase oxygen uptake above his or her oxygen uptake at rest. While lying comfortably in bed each individual’s body uses a basal (resting) level of oxygen to perform basic metabolic functions. This level of oxygen usage is referred to as one metabolic equivalent, or informally, as 1 MET. While…

An exercise in which there is overall lengthening of the muscle in response to an external resistance.  

Physical exertion that is divided into several short bouts of exercise scattered throughout the day, instead of during a single longer workout.  

A congenital anomaly in which the brain is located out side the skull; a term for encephalocele, hydrencephalocele, and meningocele.  

Any research investigation that does not need to follow standard protocols or provide usually expected protection to its subjects.  

Legal relief from an obligation, e.g., from the requirement that children be vaccinated before attending school, or that certain medications or devices be tested according to standard protocols before they are released to consumers.  

The escape of certain organisms (parasitic worms or protozoa) from an enclosing cyst wall or envelope. This process occurs in the life cycle of an intestinal parasite after the encysted form is ingested.  

A legal standard that limits the culpability of minors. It states that an unlawful act may not be criminal if it is committed by a minor who, by virtue of age alone, may not have enough understanding of right and wrong to act with criminal intent.