Category: E

First identified by Austrian neurologist Von Economo, encephalitis lethargica is also known as sleeping sickness.  

A testicle that is not present within the scrotum due to its descent into an irregular location, typically in the groin or at the lower part of the penis. This condition is commonly identified shortly after birth through a routine physical check-up. The standard treatment involves orchidopexy, a surgical procedure to reposition the testicle into…

Implantation refers to the process where a fertilized egg, or ovum, attaches itself to the uterus wall. This typically takes place about six days post-fertilization when the blastocyst, or early stage embryo, comes in contact with the wall of the uterus. As the embryonic cells continue to divide, the outer cell layer invades the uterine…

Eye tumors are infrequent occurrences, but when they do happen, they typically manifest as painless growths that are cancerous. Retinoblastoma is a cancerous tumor that develops in the retina, which is the light-sensitive inner layer at the back of the eye. It can occur in one or both eyes and is most commonly found in…

Eyelashes are arranged in rows along the edge of each eyelid and typically curve outward. Their main function is to prevent dust and debris from entering the eye. As a person ages, the eyelashes tend to become finer and less abundant. An abnormal direction of lash growth can be attributed to eyelid injury or, more…

Extracorpuscular refers to the position or occurrence outside of minute bodies or cells, particularly the environment external to the blood cells. For instance, it may be used to describe agents that target red blood cells from the outside.  

Extracorporeal gas exchange is a method in which blood is rerouted outside the body through an “artificial lung” to support breathing. This involves a process called extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), where blood flows over a synthetic membrane to absorb oxygen and remove waste carbon dioxide. This technique is used to manage severe respiratory failure, often…

Hemodialysis is a process performed using an artificial kidney to eliminate substances typically discharged in urine.  

This refers to a form of dysphasia, a condition that disrupts one’s ability to use and/or comprehend words. In this type, the person can understand what others are saying and knows what they want to express, but struggles to translate their thoughts into spoken words.  

Expressing milk is a method employed by breastfeeding women to extract milk from their breasts. This technique can be useful if a woman’s breasts are overly full. It may also be desired if a woman wants to store her milk so that it can be provided to the baby when she’s not present, or for…