Category: G

  • Galvanic skin response (GSR)

    Galvanic skin response (GSR)

    The change in the electrical resistance of the skin following stimulation; an easily measured variable widely used in experimental studies. The electrical resistance of the skin in response to changes in a person’s emotional state. Change in the electrical resistance of the skin, measurements of which are used in some studies involving reactions to stress…

  • Galantamine

    An acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used to improve thinking and memory in patients with early signs of alzheimer’s disease. Marketed under the brand name razadyne (formerly named reminyl).  

  • Galactorrhea

    The secretion of breast milk in men or in women who are not breast-feeding an infant. Patients with galactorrhea have a high level of prolactin in the blood, which can be caused by a tumor in the pituitary gland or from taking certain medications, such as conventional antipsychotics. A continued discharge of milk from the…

  • Gamma-aninobutyric acid receptors

    The major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), binds. Two subtypes of GABA receptors—GABAA and GABAB—have been identified. GABAA receptors also contain binding sites within the receptor complex for benzodiazeines, barbiturates, ethanol, and other GABAergic drugs, which potentiate the inhibitory response to GABA in the presence of these drugs.  

  • Gabapentin

    Gabapentin

    An anticonvulsant/mood stabilizer medication sometimes used to treat bipolar ii disorder and refractory panic disorder. Marketed under the brand name neurontin. A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) administered orally in adjunct with other treatment of adults with partial seizures with and without secondary generalization. Its U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved therapeutic class is anticonvulsant. This anticonvulsant medication…

  • Gray matter

    Brain tissue that is richest in cellular bodies and synapses. The cerebral cortex of the brain, which contains nerve cell bodies whose function is to route sensory or motor stimulus to the central nervous system (CNS). The neural tissue made up largely of nerve cell bodies that constitutes the cortex covering the cerebral hemisphere, the…

  • Glycemic index

    A relative ranking of carbohydrates in foods and how they affect blood glucose levels. A measure that compares the elevation in blood glucose caused by the ingestion of 50 g of any carbohydrate food with the elevation caused by the ingestion of 50 g of white bread. An index that relates the specific food consumed…

  • Glutamate

    An excitatory neurotransmitter that figures prominently in learning and memory. The major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS), which plays a key role in maintenance of neuronal plasticity and is important in learning and memory. Excessive excitatory neurotransmission and glutamate concentration may lead to excitotoxic conditions and neurodegenerative processes, which, for example, may…

  • GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)

    An inhibitory neurotransmitter that reduces stress, induces calm, and promotes sleep. The major neurotransmitter in the brain implicated in several psychiatric and neurological conditions, most notably Huntington’s disease. An amino acid neurotransmitter. A metabolite produced when glutamic acid is decarboxylated. It is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that quiets excited neurons. Low levels of GABA are associated…

  • Grounded (anchored) movement

    Movements in which one foot remains in contact with the pool bottom at all times.