Category: H

Often referred to as the basic color, hue is the quality of sensation according to which an observer is aware of the varying wavelengths of radiant energy. The dimension of color dictated by the wavelength of the stimulus that is used to distinguish one family of color from another, as red, green, blue, etc. The…

Small pit or groove formed by resorbing osteoclasts on the surface of bone undergoing resorption. One of several small pits, grooves, or depressions found where bone is resorbed by osteoclasts.  

A linear transformation of the original linear attenuation coefficient measurement into one in which the radiodensity of distilled water at standard temperature and pressure (STP) is defined as zero Hounsfield units (HU), while the radiodensity of air at STP is defined as ‐1000 HU.  

A unit of X‐ray attenuation used for computed tomography scans as a measurement of bone density. Each pixel is assigned a value on a scale on which air is 1000, water 0, and compact bone +1000. In computed tomography (CT), a number or value that represents the attenuation of x-rays through a voxel (volume element)…

Named after Sir Godfrey Newbold Hounsfield, it is a quantitative scale for describing radiodensity on CT images; however, due to the inconsistency of contrast, it does not apply to CBCT.  

A reaction of the host immune system directed against infectious organisms.  

The host defensive mechanisms preventing pathogens from invading the tissues. These defense mechanisms include physical and biochemical barriers such as the skin, enzymes in secretions (e.g., tears), immunoglobulins, gastric acid, cilia, and mucus.  

A drug such as low‐dose doxycycline that reduces the clinical signs and symptoms and the progression of periodontitis by modifying a key element or pathway of the host response to the infection.  

Therapy designed to alter the host response to bacteria by reducing the destructive aspects of the inflammatory response.  

Chemical messenger secreted into the bloodstream by specialized cells capable of synthesizing and secreting them in response to specific signals. A substance in the body that regulates certain organs. Hormones such as gastrin help in breaking down food. Some hormones come from cells in the stomach and small intestine. A discrete chemical substance secreted into…