Category: I

The water contained within the cells is referred to as intracellular water, which accounts for approximately 65% of the body’s water.  

The water between cells is referred to as intercellular or interstitial fluid. Plasma, the fluid component of blood outside of the red blood cells, is a major percentage of the body’s intercellular water. Intercellular water also includes water within the joints and pleura as well as fluids of the eyes and ears.  

Inosine is a nucleoside that in its monophosphate form (IMP) produces adenosine monophosphate (AMP), which can be further phosphorylated to eventually produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP). The connection between IMP and ATP synthesis has served as the basis for speculation that inosine supplementation can improve exercise performance, particularly for strength-related activities. It has also been suggested…

A technique using very small amounts of isotopically labeled substrate to measure the volume and amount of a large pool of that substrate. The technique is based on the Pick principle, where the volume and concentration of the infused labeled substrate is known. It is infused, and at a set time later a known volume…

State where the energy consumed is equal to the energy expended.  

A calcium-channel blocker that serves as an antihypertensive agent. Oral calcium channel blocker used in the treatment of hypertension.  

A drug that comes in many forms. It is an adrenergic broncodilator and a cardiac stimulant. Drug used to treat bronchial asthma and to stimulate the heart. Adverse effects include hypotension and abnormalities of cardiac rhythm.  

Members of the steroid class of compounds. Isoprenoids include carotenes and ubiquinone.  

A neuropeptide-like protein produced by the β cell of the pancreas. Its function is not known.  

A very inefficient process. Iron is transferred from the intestinal mucosa to transferrin. Transferrin then transports this iron to the rest of the body. Individuals who have had a gastric bypass operation are characterized by reduced iron absorption and their iron status can be compromised. Hepcidin is a good predictor of dietary iron bioavailability.