Category: J
-
Jams
A viscous or semi-solid food made with 45 parts by weight of saccharine ingredient. Spices, acidifying agents, pectin, buffering agents, preservatives and anti-foaming agents, except those derived from animal sources may be added. A thick, sweet mixture made by boiling whole fruit (such as berries, cherries, or peaches) with sugar until it becomes thick and…
-
Jambalaya
A spicy Creole dish usually made with either fish, red meat, pork, ham or chicken, and tomatoes and peppers. Jambalaya comes from the word “jambon,” French for ham. According to folk etymology, the Cajun-Creole dish known as jambalaya acquired its name when a salesman from the northern United States stopped for a bite to eat…
-
Jalapeno chiles
Moderate to very hot chile peppers, green or sometimes red, with a fruity fresh taste. In 1912, Wilbur Scoville invented a system for measuring the “heat” of different chili peppers, that is, their ability to tantalize, tenderize, or traumatize the palate. Under this system, jalapeno peppers rate around 5000 Scoville units, thus affirming what everyone…
-
Joule
The SI (Systeme Internationale) unit of energy; used to express energy content of foods. A unit of energy measurement in which 4.184 J equals 1 cal., or 4.184 kJ equals 1 kcal or 1 j equals 0.0002 kcal. The SI unit of measurement of work or energy. 4.184 joules equals one calorie. Symbol J. A…
-
Jejunum
Part of the small intestine, between the duodenum and the ileum. The second portion of the small intestine about 8 ft long. The part of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum, about 2 metres long. The middle third of the small intestine. That part of the small intestine between the duodenum and…
-
Jejuno-ileostomy
Surgical procedure in which the terminal jejunum or proximal ileum is removed or bypassed. Was formerly used as a treatment for severe obesity.
-
Judgment
Mental act of comparing choices between a given set of values in order to select a course of action. In law, a decision of the court, often involving the payment of damages. The use of available evidence or facts to formulate a rational opinion or to make socially acceptable choices or decisions. Judgment may be…
-
Jiryan
A culture-specific syndrome.
-
Jinjinia bemar
A culture-specific syndrome.
-
Jacksonian epilepsy
A type of grand mal epilepsy that typically begins with abnormal clonic movements of the thumb and forefinger, the angle of the mouth, or the big toe and spreads to include the rest of the limb and finally the other side of the body. At this point, consciousness is usually lost. Recurrent episodes of convulsive…