Category: M

An Avogadro’s number (6.023 x 1 0²³) of whatever units are being considered. One gram molecular weight of an element or a compound (i.e., same number of grams of an element or a compound as that substance’s molecular weight, equal to 6.023 x 10²³ molecules). Molecular weight of a compound expressed in grams. Densely packed…

Referring to a part or portion of a molecule, generally complex, having a characteristic chemical or pharmacological property. One of two approximately equal parts.    

Enzymes catalyzing simultaneous oxidation of two substances by oxygen, one of which is usually NADPH or NADH.  

The domain/active site of a (former) native protein after all or most of its extraneous (unneeded) portions (peptides) have been removed. In 1995, Brian Cunningham and James A. Wells reduced the 28-residue (peptide) protein (hormone) Atrial Natriuretic Factor to 15-residues (peptides) size without reducing its potency (biological activity). Minimized proteins—that retain their potency—hold the potential…

Pieces of the same small segment (i.e., a DNA sequence) which are “repeated” (appear repeatedly in sequence within the DNA molecule) adjacent to a specific gene within the DNA molecule. Thus, these “microsatellites” are linked to that specific gene.  

A technique used by man to replicate (massproduce) a given (e.g., valuable) plant by making genetic clones (“copies”) of that original plant.  

10-6 gram, or 2.527 x 10-8 ounce (avoirdupoir). A metric unit that is equivalent to one-millionth of a gram. A unit of measurement of weight equal to one millionth of a gram. One millionth part of a gram, or one thousandth part of milligram, designated by the symbol μg. A measure of weight; 1/1000 of…

Very thin filaments found in the cytoplasm of cells. Microscopic tube or filament within or between cells. Fibrils of the protein actin that form the cytoskeleton, which provides support and contributes to cellular movement.  

Any chemical that will kill microorganisms. Used synonymously with biocide and bactericide. Gels or creams that can be inserted into the rectum or vagina, designed to reduce the risk of anal or vaginal transmission of viruses such as HIV. The aim is to kill or to inactivate the virus, creating a barrier to mucosal cells…

The cell structure, growth factors, metabolism, and genetics of microorganisms.