Category: O

Ornithine transcarbamylase (OTC) deficiency is a rare, genetically transmitted error of protein metabolism. OTC is one of several enzymes essential to the urea cycle, a series of related chemical reactions by which ammonia, a by-product of protein breakdown, is converted to urea and rapidly removed by the kidney. An absence or inadequacy of OTC causes…

Oral-facial-digital syndrome (OFDS) is an heritable disorder characterized by anomalies of the mouth, face, toes, and fingers. Associated abnormalities of teeth, hair, brain, and kidney are occasionally seen. OFDS has nine subsets that are distinguished from each other by clinical findings and patterns of heredity. This discussion concerns OFDS Type 1 (OFDS 1).  

Ollier disease (OD) is a disorder of bone and cartilage formation. Findings may be present at birth but generally are not obvious until 1-4 years of age.  

Olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) is a rare progressive heterogeneous neurological condition characterized by neuronal loss in the inferior olives, ventral pons, and cerebellar cortex brain regions. Several sub-classifications of OPCA exist based on differences in inheritance patterns (familial and sporadic) and age of onset (infantile, juvenile, and adult onset), a variety that suggests multiple underlying etiologies…

Oculocerebral syndrome with hypopigmentation is a rare disorder in which the skin and hair lack normal color or have characteristics of albinism. This syndrome also is referred to as Cross syndrome, Cross-McKusick-Breen syndrome, or Kramer syndrome. In addition, central nervous system (CNS) involvement specific to the eyes and oculocerebral areas is present. Vision problems associated…

Ocular motor apraxia, Cogan type (O.MA) is a rare congenital eye disorder. This is also referred to as congenital oculomotor apraxia (COMA). Cogan first reported this disorder in 1952. It is thought to be inherited as an autosomal recessive genetic trait. However, school-age children, as a secondary problem to neurological and metabolic diseases, may acquire…

An ovovegetarian will consume eggs in addition to plant foods, but will not consume meat, fish, poultry, or dairy foods. A vegetarian who incorporates eggs into their diet alongside plant-based foods.  

Octacosanol is a 28-carbon alcohol sometimes referred to as octacosyl alcohol. It is a component of wax extracted from plants such as wheat germ, from which it is typically available as part of a mixture called policosanol. Although there is no known biological need for octacosanol, it has been marketed as an ergogenic aid and…

Structures on/in the plasma membranes of mammary cells and uterine cells that bind oxytocin and transmit a signal (via the inositol signaling pathway) into these cells, which initiates contraction of the uterus or the mammary lacteals.  

An opioid analgesic that can become habit-forming.