Category: P

An instrument to measure the field of vision. The length of the outside line around an enclosed area. An instrument for mapping the absolute extent of the visual field. The patient looks steadily at a target in the center of the inner surface of the hemisphere. Objects are presented on this surface and the patient…

The few years before the menopause, in which oestrogen levels start to fall. A transition period leading to menopause, the cessation of menstruation. Symptoms of perimenopause usually begin in a woman’s 40s, about 3 to 5 years before her final menstrual period. The initial symptom is commonly irregular menstrual cycles. The phase prior to the…

A fluid found in the labyrinth of the inner ear. Clear fluid in the inner ear, separating the osseous and membranous labyrinth. The fluid between the bony and membranous labyrinths of the ear.  

Inflammation of the membrane round the liver. Inflammation of the membrane covering the liver. It is usually associated with abnormalities of the liver (including liver abscess, cirrhosis, tuberculosis) or in chronic peritonitis. Inflammation of the peritoneal covering of the liver, e.g., in Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome. Inflammation of the membrane that envelops the liver.  

Inflammation of the skin round hair follicles. Inflammation surrounding a hair follicle.  

Inflammation of the structures round the bladder, usually caused by infection in the uterus. Inflammation in the tissues around the bladder, causing pain in the pelvis, fever, and symptoms of cystitis. It usually results from infection in the fallopian tubes or womb, but can occasionally arise from severe infection in a diverticulum of the bladder…

Inflammation of the connective tissue round the vagina.  

Inflammation of cartilage, especially in the outer ear. Inflammation of cartilage and surrounding soft tissues, usually due to chronic infection. A common site is the external ear. Inflammation of cartilage and the tissue surrounding it, usually as a result of chronic infection.  

A surgical operation to open the pericardium.  

A surgical operation to open the pericardium through the thoracic wall to drain off fluid. An operation in which the membranous sac around the heart is opened and the fluid within drained via a tube. It is sometimes used in the treatment of septic pericarditis. Formation of an opening into the pericardium for drainage.