Category: P
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Phospholipase A2 (PLA2)
A small lipolytic enzyme that releases fatty acids from the second carbon group of glycerol. Plays an essential role in the synthesis of prostaglandins and leukotrienes.
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Phospholipase
An enzyme that hydrolyzes phospholipids into fatty acids and other lipophilic substances. A class of enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of phosphoglycerides or glycerophosphatidates.
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Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI 3-kinases or PI3Ks)
A group of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in cancer.
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Phosphatidylglycerol
Is a glycerophospholipid found in pulmonary active surface lipoprotein and consists of a L-glycerol 3-phosphate backbone ester-bonded to either saturated or unsaturated fatty acids on carbons 1 and 2.
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Phoroglucinol
A white, crystalline compound used as an antispasmodic, analytical reagent, and decalcifier of bone specimens for microscopic examination.
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Phlegmon
A spreading, diffuse inflammation of the soft or connective tissue due to infection by Streptococci bacteria. Alternate term for sputum, often tested in sputum analysis. Solid mass formed by inflamed connective tissue, such as forms around an appendix in appendicitis. Acute suppurative inflammation of subcutaneous connective tissue, especially a pyogenic inflammation that spreads along fascial…
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Phlegm
Abnormally viscid mucus secreted by the mucosa of the respiratory passages during certain infectious processes. Catarrhal secretion or sputum. Thick slimy mucus produced in the respiratory passage. Thick mucus of the respiratory passages. Viscous, stringy mucus secreted by the walls of the respiratory tract. Thickened excess mucus that may accumulate in the throat or chest…
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Phlebitis
Is an inflammation of a vein, usually in the legs. Inflammation of the wall of a vein, most often occurring in the legs. Thrombosis may develop. Treatment includes rest and support of the area (e.g., by elastic stockings), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, and analgesics. Inflammation of the wall of a vein, which is most commonly seen…
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Pheochromocytoma
Is a tumour that usually originates from the adrenal glands’ chromaffin cells, causing overproduction of catecholamines, powerful hormones that induce high blood pressure and other symptoms. A rare tumor that most frequently occurs in the adrenal gland but may occur elsewhere; it usually secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine, which cause many signs and symptoms, including hypertension.…
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Phenolics
Class of chemical compounds consisting of a hydroxyl group (-OH) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Also known as phenols, are a group of ubiquitous plant constituents, including the flavonoid subgroup, that have multifunctional roles in a plant’s interaction with its environment, largely protecting from stress. They are significant to humans because of their…