Category: R

A dilatation of the pupil during inspiration and contraction on expiration.  

A hernia in which only a portion of intestinal wall protrudes, the main portion of the intestine being excluded from the hernial sac and the lumen remaining open. The patient may present with groin swelling and vague abdominal complaints; when incarcerated the hernia may produce bowel ischemia and related complications.  

A hernia protruding into the retroperitoneal space, e.g., duodenojejunal hernia, Treitz’s hernia.  

Hematuria in which the blood comes from the upper tract. On gross examination, the urine is often smoky, red, or cola-colored. Some causes include: glomerular diseases, kidney tumors, kidney stones, among others.  

The heat given off from a heated body passing through the air in form of waves.  

Failure of the heart to maintain right ventricular output.  

Conditions that predispose people to ischemic heart disease (coronary artery disease). These may be divided into those that are not reversible (aging, male gender, menopause, genetic factors) and those that are potentially reversible (tobacco use, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, left ventricular hypertrophy, obesity, and sedentary lifestyle).  

The right atrium and ventricle. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body; the right ventricle pumps this blood to the lungs.  

The principle used in splint fabrication whereby the forearm is midway between pronation and supination, the wrist is at 12 to 20 degrees dorsiflexion, and the phalanges are slightly flexed. The thumb is in partial opposition and forward.  

A hammer used for tapping body parts such as a muscle, tendon, or nerve in order to test nerve function.