Category: R

Acid-base imbalance of decreased carbon dioxide associated with hyperventilation, anxiety, fever, pain, and mechanical over ventilation; it is characterized by increased heart rate, increased rate and depth of respirations, paresthesia, anxiety, irritability, dizziness, and agitation. Form of alkalosis (abnormally low hydrogen-ion concentration in the blood) in which there is greater than normal excretion of carbon…

Acid-base imbalance of carbon dioxide retention associated with respiratory failure, sedative overdose, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chest wall trauma, acute abdominal distention, and obesity; it is characterized by a rapid respiratory rate that usually provides inadequate ventilation, rapid heart rate, pale and dry skin, diaphoresis, headache, and coma. Form of acidosis (excess hydrogen-ion concentration in…

Indigestible content of food. The remainder of something after a part is removed. After a specified duration, particularly during harvest time, the quantity of pesticide that persists within the plant tissue or on its surface is commonly referred to as the residual concentration of the crop protectant.  

An antidiabetic drug useful in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. An oral hypoglycemic medication employed either independently or alongside metformin to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus is repaglinide. This drug encourages the secretion of insulin, a hormone responsible for regulating blood glucose levels. Potential side effects of repaglinide encompass abdominal discomfort, diarrhea or constipation, nausea,…

Hormone system that regulates blood pressure, water balance, and renal function.  

Amount of solute that must be excreted by the kidney.  

Reshaping or degrading and rebuilding a body structure. The reshaping or reconstruction of a part of the body, especially to repair a part that has been injured (e.g., the walls of the heart after myocardial infarction or the airways in patients with asthma). The continuous interplay between bone generation and deterioration, culminating in the promotion…

A statistical method for calculating the relationship between an independent variable such as age with a dependent variable such as metabolic activity.  

Rare genetic disease characterized by defective oxidation of fatty acids. Symptoms include defective night vision, tremors, and other neurologic symptoms caused by an accumulation of phytanic acid, a metabolite of chlorophyll. An uncommon genetic condition impacting the body’s lipid metabolism, responsible for fat processing. Refsum’s disease results in elevated quantities of phytanic acid, a type…

A method for estimating food intake. It is used to obtain detailed information on food intake during a limited number of days, usually 1-7. During that period, the subjects write down everything they eat and estimate the quantities. A problem with this method is that people tend to forget to write things down or change…