Category: R

A type of information bias that is of importance in case-control studies. It means that cases differ from controls in the recollection of exposure. Distortion introduced into a research investigation that relies on the memory of subjects, specifically, their recollections of elements that might have contributed to the eventual development of a disease or condition.…

The difference in incidence rate between exposed and unexposed populations, expressed in absolute terms. It is calculated by subtracting the incidence rate in the unexposed group (10) from the incidence rate in the exposed group (II). 10 can be interpreted as the baseline incidence rate, and only the incidence rate exceeding this figure is due…

A food processing technique affecting the oxidation of dietary fats and oils. Rapid freezing of raw plant material may be accompanied by lipoxygenase-mediated oxidation, depending on the extent of tissue damage and on the storage temperature and time.  

A seed oil plant. A subspecies of rapeseed is the canola seed, which has no erucic acid in its oil. The seed of Brassica campestris and other Brassica species, whose oil is used in the manufacture of lubricants and canola oil. The oil made from the seeds of the variety high in erucic acid is…

Errors in the necessary information (e.g., in exposure measurement) that are not related to the state of disease. This is the case if equal proportions of subjects in the groups, which are compared, are classified incorrectly with respect to exposure or disease. Also known as nondifferential misclassification. This type of misclassification dilutes the true difference…

This drug is a selective estrogen receptor modulator and acts as an antiosteoporotic drug.  

A trisaccharide that is difficult to digest but can be digested by gut flora to result in gas (flatulence) and short-chain fatty acids. A trisaccharide, melitose, present in certain plants, cereals, and fungi. Hydrolysis yields fructose and melibiose.  

Proton pump inhibitor; antiulcerative drug.  

Tularemia. Caused by the microorganism Fmcisella tularensis. Symptoms include ulcerous lesions of skin, headache, chills, and fever. Organism frequently is carried by wild game.  

A method of illumination used in slit lamp biomicroscopy, in which the slit lamp beam is focused on a surface which is beyond (or behind) the area being observed.