Category: R

The study of disorders of the nose. A branch of medicine dealing with diseases of the nose and the nasal passages. The scientific discipline that addresses both the diseases and structure of the nose is known as rhinology.  

The medical study of rheumatic diseases, the diagnosis and treatment of inflammatory diseases and diseases of the musculoskeletal system arthritis. A branch of medicine dealing with rheumatic disease of muscles and joints. Study of disorders characterized by degeneration or inflammation of connective tissues. The medical science that is concerned with rheumatoid diseases, or diseases that…

Refers to disease in the joints, muscles, bones, and ligaments and includes most forms of arthritis. A common term, now considered medically obsolete, that may be used to indicate a variety of conditions characterized by soreness, stiffness, or pain in the muscles or joints. Specific diseases that may be referred to as rheumatism are rheumatic…

Damage of the heart valves as a result of rheumatic fever. The heart’s valves are unable to open and close as they should. Damage to the heart muscle and heart valves caused by recurrent episodes of rheumatic fever. It is characterized by stenosis (narrowing) or regurgitation (leaking) of valves, changes in the size of the…

An infectious disease caused by a streptococcal infection (usually strep throat). Antibodies produced during the infection can cause inflammation of many body tissues, especially the inner lining of the heart. In addition, the conducting fibers of the heart may be affected, interfering with the transmission of impulses that control the heart beat. A collagen disease…

A noninfectious feeding larvae found in many roundworms.  

An announcement from a funding source for applications that may result in a contract and that describes the specifics of the projects being funded. Notification by a foundation or government agency that funds are available for research projects and that research sponsors are seeking applicants for those funds.  

An announcement from a funding source requesting applications for grant awards.  

A form of instrumental conditioning employing a positive reinforcer.  

In psychology, any satisfying event or stimulus that reinforces a response when it closely follows that response and increases the likelihood that the subject will respond in like manner again. In behavioral science, a positive reinforcement.