Category: S

The procedure of enveloping or infusing seeds with a substance that eradicates fungi, bacteria, or other detrimental microorganisms.  

The act of seed cleaning is a term that has been historically associated with the act of coating seeds with fungicides to prevent disease. However, this usage is no longer accepted or recommended.  

The article refers to a botanical entity that has the potential to partition one or more viruses from a heterogeneous mixture of such entities.  

An indication of affliction, be it in the form of an injury or a cluster of injuries, that implies the influence of fire or combustion on the impacted area, particularly in its impact on spread-out structures, such as verdant foliage or delicate flower petals.  

A superficial form of damage to fruits that results from the action of intense sunlight, especially when the surface is wet with dew etc., e.g. of grape, apple and peach.  

Utilizing non-living materials as nutrients.  

A discontinuous variation of unknown origin, e.g. a mutant unconfirmed by genetic evidence. Use of this term should be avoided.  

The decay of organic matter, primarily parenchymatous tissues such as storage organs and fruits, occurs due to the pathogen’s impact on the middle lamella of the cell walls. As a result, the cells become detached but still maintain their distinctiveness for a certain duration.  

Resistance which retains its usefulness for a long period. Durable resistance may be preferred. Care should be used with both terms since they refer to the genetic equilibrium of host-pathogen interaction and not the mechanism involved. Not synonymous with non-specific resistance.  

During the early growth stage of a plant, the presence of resistance can be identified. However, this observation does not provide any indication regarding the specific nature, mechanism, or method of inheritance of the resistance being observed.