Category: T

The cleavage of signal sequence that directs the passage of the protein through a cell or organelle membrane. The production of protein from RNA. The synthesis of protein using the message for amino acid sequence carried by mRNA. Occurs on the ribosomes.  

Transferases are enzymes transferring a group, for example, the methyl group or a glycosyl group, from one compound (generally regarded as donor) to another compound (generally regarded as acceptor). The classification is based on the scheme “donor:acceptor group transferase”. (Enzyme Nomenclature, 1992) EC 2. Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of functional groups to molecules (from…

Factor derived from leukocyte lysates of immune donors which can transfer both local and systemic cellular immunity to nonimmune recipients. Low-molecular-weight chemicals extracted from immune cells activated to respond to specific antigens. These products can be taken from a sensitized person and given to another. As a result of this transfer, the recipient will react…

The uptake of naked or purified DNA into cells, usually eukaryotic. It is analogous to bacterial transformation. A special case of transformation in which an appropriate recipient strain of bacteria is exposed to (free) DNA isolated from a transducing phage with the “take-up” of that DNA by some of the bacteria and consequent production and…

Endogenous substances, usually proteins, which are effective in the initiation, stimulation, or termination of the genetic transcription process. Proteins that interact with each other and (somewhat) with DNA (when immediately adjacent to the DNA in a cell) to either facilitate (i.e., “turn on”) or inhibit (i.e., “turn off”) the activity (i.e., coding for proteins) of…

An enzyme which catalyses the synthesis of a complementary mRNA molecule from a DNA template in the presence of a mixture of the four ribonucleotides (ATP, UTP, GTP and CTP). A polymerase enzyme that constructs a messenger RNA molecule that is a complementary copy of the base sequence on a DNA gene.  

Substance or element essential to plant or animal life, but present in extremely small amounts. The nutrients that the body needs in very small amounts. A substance which is essential to the human body, but only in very small quantities. Minerals needed in trace amounts. Alternate name for elements such as iron, copper, iodine, zinc,…

The acquired form of infection by Toxoplasma gondii in animals and man. A disease caused by infection with protozoa found in many mammals and birds. disease with symptoms similar to mononucleosis that can affect a pregnant woman and her unborn child. It may be contracted by consuming inadequately cooked meat or by poor personal hygiene.…

The science concerned with the detection, chemical composition, and pharmacologic action of toxic substances or poisons and the treatment and prevention of toxic manifestations. The science of poisons and their antidotes. Science that studies toxins and their effects in humans or animals. The science that is concerned with the nature and effects of poisons. The…

Having to do with poison or something harmful to the body. Toxic substances usually cause unwanted side effects. Having a poisonous effect; potentially lethal.