Category: T
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Total parenteral nutrition (TPN)
Is a method of feeding that bypasses the gastrointestinal tract. Total parenteral nutrition. A method of providing all nutrients needed through a solution infused into a large blood vessel. Administration of a nutritionally adequate solution (containing, e.g., proteins, electrolytes, and vitamins) through a catheter into the vena cava; used to provide nutrients in cases of…
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Topoisomerases
A class of enzymes involved in the regulation of DNA supercoiling. One of several enzymes that cleave and rejoin the coiled sugar-phosphate backbone of DNA or RNA.
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Tonsillitis
An inflammatory condition of the tonsils due to bacteria, allergies or respiratory problems. Inflammation or infection of a tonsil, especially the palatine tonsils. Acute tonsillitis, often caused by bacterial, especially streptococcal, infection, produces sore throat, fever, headache, enlarged lymph glands in the neck region, and difficulty in swallowing. Treatment is by rest, fluids, and antibiotics.…
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Tonic clonic seizure
A type of generalized seizure that affects the entire brain. Previously referred to as grand mal, this seizure variety involves a loss of consciousness accompanied by muscular rigidity and subsequent involuntary jerking motions. Typically lasting just a brief duration, these seizures can become life-threatening if they extend into prolonged tonic-clonic episodes.
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Tonic
Substance that acts to restore, balance, tone, strengthen, or invigorate a body system without overt stimulation or depression. Exerts a restorative or stimulant action on the body. Substance taken to strengthen the body or a particular system of the body, generally in the treatment of chronic disease. Loosely, a tonic “tones” whatever system it affects.…
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Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
Are a class of proteins that play a key role in the innate immune system. One of several receptors on macrophages and other immune and endothelial cells that recognizes pathogen components such as peptidoglycan or lipopolysaccharide. Activation of a receptor stimulates release of cytokines and other chemical signals that are part of innate immunity.
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Tocotrienol
Fat soluble organic compounds belonging to vitamin E group.
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Tocopherol
Fat soluble organic compounds belonging to vitamin E group. A class of compounds, many of which have vitamin E activity. An antioxidant found naturally in vegetable oil that retards the onset of rancidity. The chemical descriptor for the most important series of compounds that have vitamin E activity. There are a range of tocopherols, distinguished…
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Tocolytics
Medications used to suppress premature labor. Capable of relieving uterine contraction by reducing the excitability of myometrial muscle.
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TNF alpha
Cachexin or cachectin and formally known as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, a cytokine involved in systemic inflammation. Primary role of TNF is in the regulation of immune cells. TNF is also able to induce apoptotic cell death, to induce inflammation, and to inhibit tumorigenesis and viral replication. A protein responsible for facilitating inflammation and triggering the…