Hepatic inflammatory and necrotic changes that continue for more than 6 months. The most common causes are hepatitis B, C, and D viruses. Chronic liver inflammation may also result from abuse of alcohol or other drugs, exposure to toxic chemicals, fatty infiltration of the liver, or autoimmune processes. Patients may be asymptomatic or present with only elevated serum transaminase, fatigue, anorexia, malaise, or mild jaundice. In other patients, the disease actively progresses, eventually leading to cirrhosis and death. Depending on the underlying cause, corticosteroids, interferons, or antiviral agents such as ribavirin may be used to manage chronic hepatitis. In alcoholic patients, abstinence from alcohol may allow the liver to heal.
Hepatic inflammation that endures for an extended period, originating from viral infections or various other etiologies.
Chronic hepatitis is a prolonged inflammation of the liver, which eventually results in the formation of scar tissue and may lead to the development of cirrhosis.
The disorder can manifest after experiencing acute hepatitis or hepatitis C infection. It may also arise due to an autoimmune disorder, viral infection, adverse reaction to specific prescribed medications, or, less commonly, as a consequence of metabolic disorders like haemochromatosis or Wilson’s disease. In certain instances, no apparent cause can be identified.
In cases of chronic hepatitis, symptoms like jaundice and mild fatigue may come and go intermittently. If the condition is not treated, it can potentially advance to liver failure.
Liver biopsy is used to diagnose chronic hepatitis. Autoimmune hepatitis is treated with corticosteroid drugs and immunosuppressants. Viral infections can often be managed with interferon treatment. In cases of drug-induced chronic hepatitis, recovery can be achieved by discontinuing the responsible medication. For cases related to metabolic disturbances, treatment focuses on addressing the underlying disorder.