In the Federal budget, any action or inaction of the executive branch, including the establishment of reserves under the Antideficiency Act, which temporarily withholds, delays, or effectively precludes the obligation or expenditure of budget authority. Under section 1013 of the Congressional Budget and Impoundment Control Act of 1974. the President is required to report each proposed deferral to the Congress in a special message. Deferrals may not extend beyond the end of a fiscal year and may be overturned by the passage of an impoundment resolution by either House of Congress.