Osteodistraction. The gradual and controlled distraction of two vascularized bone segments created by an osteotomy. Formation of new soft tissue and bone between vascular bone surfaces created by an osteotomy and separated by gradual and controlled distraction. It begins with the development of a reparative callus. The callus is placed under tension by stretching, which generates new bone. Distraction osteogenesis consists of three sequential periods. (a) Latency period: the period from bone division (i.e., surgical separation of bone into two segments) to the onset of traction, which represents the time allowed for callus formation. (b) Distraction period: the time when gradual traction is applied to bone segments and new tissue (regenerate tissue) is formed. (c) Consolidation period, also called fixation period: consolidation and corticalization of the distraction regenerate after traction forces and segment movement are discontinued.
A method of lengthening bones by making a series of controlled fractures which are then spread to desired locations and held in place with hinges, rods, and/or wires.