Persistent, sustained high blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or above. Hypertension becomes a surgical risk factor if the condition is uncontrolled.
Commonly referred to as “high blood pressure” or HTN, is a medical condition in which the arterial blood pressure is chronically elevated.
Persistently high arterial blood pressure. Currently accepted threshold levels are 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic pressure.
A risk factor for ischaemic heart disease, stroke, and kidney disease. May be due to increased sensitivity to sodium.
Unstable or persistent elevation of blood pressure above normal ranges. 140/90 is in general a high normal blood pressure.
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A blood pressure of 140/90 or higher. Hypertension usually has no symptoms. It can harm the arteries and cause an increase in the risk of stroke, heart attack, kidney failure, and blindness. Also called high blood pressure.
Abnormally high constrictive tension in blood vessels, usually revealed as high blood pressure.
Not in combination with each other.
Persistently high arterial blood pressure.
Arterial blood pressure that is higher than the usual range for gender and age.
Blood pressure that exceeds 120/80 by 20%.
Hypertension refers to abnormally high blood pressure. High blood pressure is related to an increased risk for heart disease and stroke. Obesity is a major contributor to hypertension; thus, exercise is particularly helpful for its prevention. Another mechanism by which exercise may prevent the development of or treat hypertension is hypothalamic-induced vasodilation. Hypertension can be caused by many factors and exercise is not always effective in preventing or treating all cases.
A pathologic condition characterized by a sustained, reproducible increase in blood pressure.
Common disorder, often with no symptoms, in which the blood pressure is persistently above 140/90 mg Hg. Causes of hypertension include adrenal and kidney disorders, toxemia of pregnancy, thyroid disorders, and emotional stress, but in most cases—essential hypertension—the cause is unknown, though obesity, hypercholesterolemia, and high sodium levels are predisposing factors. Symptoms, when present, include headache, palpitations, and easy fatigability. Severe hypertension damages the cardiovascular system and frequently results in heart disorders or cardiovascular accidents. Treatment is by diuretics, vasodilators, central nervous system depressants and inhibitors, and ganglionic blocking agents (beta blockers, e.g., propranolol). Adequate rest and a low-sodium, low-fat diet are also usually advised. Also called high blood pressure.
Elevated blood pressure on a consistent basis with potential to cause damage to the blood vessels.
Contributing factors include tension or excitement, obesity, smoking, heredity, kidney disease, and cardiovascular disease. High blood pressure usually develops in middle age, but may occur in younger people, especially those who are obese and do not exercise.
The medical term for high blood pressure. High blood pressure and hypertension are interchangeable terms used to describe blood traveling through the arteries at a pressure that is consistently too high to maintain good health. Although hypertension often causes no symptoms, it is dangerous. Left untreated, the disease can lead to severe and possibly life- threatening damage to the heart, kidneys, and arteries.
High blood pressure, i.e. elevation of the arterial blood pressure above the normal range expected in a particular age group. Hypertension may be of unknown cause (essential hypertension or hyperpiesia). It may also result from kidney disease, including narrowing (stenosis) of the renal artery (renal hypertension), endocrine diseases (such as Cushing’s disease or pheochromocytoma) or disease of the arteries (such as coarctation of the aorta), when it is known as secondary or symptomatic hypertension.
The term for high blood pressure (raised pressure of the circulating blood). Since there is a wide range of ‘normal’ blood pressure in the population, a precise level of pressure above which an individual is deemed hypertensive is arbitrary. (A healthy young adult would be expected to have a systolic pressure of around 120 mm Hg and a diastolic of 80 mm Hg, recorded as 120/80. Hypertension is not a disease as such but simply a deviation from normal levels. A person with a pressure higher than the average for his or her age group is usually symptomless although sometimes they may develop headaches. The identification of people with hypertension is important because it is a signal that they will be more likely to have a stroke or myocardial infraction (cardiac thrombosis or heart attack) than someone whose pressure is in the ‘normal’ range. Preventive steps can be taken to lessen the likelihood of their developing these potentially life-threatening conditions.
In adults, a condition in which the blood pressure (BP) is higher than 140 mm Hg systolic or 90 mm Hg diastolic on three separate readings recorded several weeks apart. Hypertension is also present in patients under treatment for the disease, in whom the disease has normalized with drug therapy. Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for coronary artery disease, heart failure, stroke, peripheral vascular disease, kidney failure, and retinopathy. It affects about 50 million people in the U.S. Considerable research has shown that controlling hypertension increases longevity and helps prevent cardiovascular illnesses.
Hypertension is high blood pressure that is acknowledged to be equal to or greater than 140/90.
Blood pressure that is consistently higher than normal.
A common disorder, often without symptoms, marked by high blood pressure persistently exceeding 140/90.
Hypertension, or chronically elevated blood pressure, is a common health concern. Blood pressure, the force of blood against the walls of major arteries, can rise temporarily due to factors like stress or physical activity. Aging and weight gain also naturally increase this pressure. However, hypertension is characterized by consistently high blood pressure even during periods of rest. Many individuals are unaware they have hypertension as it doesn’t present any noticeable symptoms. Still, it’s a serious condition, as it enhances the risk of developing critical cardiovascular disorders. Regular health screenings are therefore crucial to identify hypertension early on. It is especially prevalent among men, and its occurrence is most common in middle-aged and elderly individuals.
Blood pressure is gauged using two measurements, both denoted in millimeters of mercury (mmHg). The systolic measurement, the larger of the two, reflects the pressure as blood is forcefully pumped into the aorta from the heart. The diastolic measurement, on the other hand, represents the pressure when the ventricles, the heart’s lower chambers, are at rest in between beats. Hypertension is diagnosed when blood pressure consistently surpasses approximately 140 mmHg (systolic) and 90 mmHg (diastolic) while at rest.
Hypertension is typically asymptomatic, often going unnoticed until found during a standard physical check-up. However, in severe or rapidly progressing cases (referred to as malignant hypertension), it may manifest symptoms such as headaches, shortness of breath, and visual issues. This condition places significant stress on the heart and blood vessels, heightening the risk of stroke, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. Over time, hypertension can result in damage to the kidneys and retinopathy, which is harm to the retina at the back of the eye.
In numerous instances, the precise cause of hypertension remains unclear, and it is then referred to as essential hypertension. While genetic aspects play a significant role, hypertension isn’t linked to any specific gene. Several factors associated with hypertension encompass excessive alcohol consumption, a diet high in salt, obesity, diabetes mellitus, lack of physical activity, and smoking. There’s also data suggesting that a low birth weight may elevate the risk of developing hypertension later in life.
Hypertension can sometimes arise as a result of a particular medical condition, in which case it’s termed secondary hypertension. It can be caused by an array of kidney diseases, certain adrenal gland disorders, pre-eclampsia (a pregnancy complication), coarctation of the aorta (a birth defect of the heart), and the use of specific medications. Additionally, the combined contraceptive pill may trigger hypertension in women who are susceptible to this condition.
For a hypertension diagnosis, a patient’s blood pressure is taken multiple times while they are at rest. If there’s any uncertainty, an ambulatory blood pressure device may be used to track blood pressure over a 24-hour period. This device can help identify a condition known as white coat hypertension, where blood pressure only elevates during a medical examination but remains normal otherwise, necessitating no treatment. The eyes might also be checked for signs of chronic hypertension. If secondary hypertension is suspected, various tests such as blood work, X-rays, and other relevant investigations are performed to rule out possible causes.
In cases of mild to moderate hypertension where no root cause is identified, lifestyle modifications are typically recommended as the initial course of treatment. This may entail smoking cessation for smokers and reduced alcohol intake for those who drink. Overweight individuals with hypertension are advised to attempt weight loss through dietary changes and the gradual incorporation of more physical activity into their daily lives. Biofeedback training and relaxation techniques can also be beneficial in lowering blood pressure.
If self-care strategies don’t bring about any changes, or if the hypertension is severe, antihypertensive medications may be prescribed. The selection from a broad array of drug treatments depends on the existence of other conditions, such as diabetes mellitus. The patient’s response to treatment and any ensuing side effects could lead to a modification in the treatment plan. Typically, the patient’s progress is tracked through regular blood pressure measurements, allowing for necessary adjustments in medication type or dose. Home blood pressure monitoring might be feasible for the patient, although the accuracy of their device should be periodically verified and calibrated with the doctor’s machine.
In numerous instances, medication treatment may need to be a lifelong commitment. However, this can greatly contribute to a significant extension in life expectancy.
Elevated blood pressure in the arteries. Different thresholds have been proposed, from 140 mm Hg systolic and 90 mm Hg diastolic to 200 mm Hg systolic and 110 mm Hg diastolic. Hypertension can occur without a known cause (idiopathic or essential) or be linked to another primary disease (secondary).