Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Image-guided surgery
The use of real-time computed tomography, magnetic resonance imagery, or ultrasound to place surgical instruments in precise anatomical locations (e.g., during biopsies or tissue resections). Images taken before the operation are compared with those obtained during surgery to improve the localization of tumors or vascular structures, the placement of prosthetic parts, or the identification of…
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Flap surgery
A surgical procedure in which a flap of tissue or periosteum is raised. An amputation flap is a tissue flap produced to cover the amputation stump.
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Conservative surgery
Surgery in which as much as possible of a part or structure is retained. It is often an equally effective alternative to radical surgery. Surgery carried out to preserve a part rather than to remove it.
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Colorectal surgery
Operative procedures on the anus, rectum, or large intestine.
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Breast conservation surgery
Removal of a malignant growth from the breast and dissection of axillary lymph nodes without mastectomy. Breast conservation surgery (“lumpectomy”) is an alternative to mastectomy for patients with early stage breast cancer. Its outcomes are equivalent to those of mastectomy when used as part of a treatment plan that includes postoperative radiation therapy to the…
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Antenatal surgery
Surgical procedure performed on the fetus before delivery. This type of surgery is done only at certain medical centers.
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Ablative surgery
Operation in which a part is removed or destroyed.
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Ghost surgeon
Any person, especially one not designated by the patient or not licensed to practice surgery, who replaces the patient’s chosen surgeon in performing an operation, without the patient’s consent. Ghosts may include surgical residents or representatives of pharmaceutical or biomedical engineering firms. The use of ghost surgeons is a violation of professional standards and ethics.…
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Civil surgeon
A physician certified by the U.S. Bureau of Citizenship and Immigration Services to perform medical examinations on immigrants seeking immigration visas to, or permanent resident status in, the U.S. The examination performed by civil surgeons includes a physical and mental status examination; tests for tuberculosis, syphilis, and human immunodeficiency virus; and vaccinations for measles, mumps,…
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Surge capacity
The ability of a community or health care system to respond to sudden increases in demand for services or emergency help, e.g., after a multiple casualty incident.
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