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Hemolytic splenomegaly
Enlarged spleen associated with hemolytic anemia. The increased rigidity of red blood cell membranes results in their increased destruction as they attempt to move from splenic cords into the vascular sinuses.
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Congestive splenomegaly
Enlargement of the spleen caused by various types of venous congestion: splenic vein obstruction, systemic venous congestion (e.g., due to heart failure), or portal vein hypertension caused by cirrhosis of the liver. Blood flow through the spleen is slowed, increasing red blood cell destruction by macrophages (hypersplenism) and resulting in focal hemorrhages.
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Splenolysin
An antibody that destroys splenic tissue.
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Splenology
The study of functions and diseases of the spleen.
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Splenolaparotomy
Incision through the abdominal wall to access the spleen.
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Splenium corporis callosi
The thickened posterior end of the corpus callosum.
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Splenic sinus
Any of the vascular collecting channels that lead into the internal veins of the spleen. The microcirculation in the spleen is quite leaky. Some capillaries empty directly into the splenic sinuses, but others allow blood to percolate through the extracellular red pulp before it drains into the splenic sinuses and thence into the veins.
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Splenic cord
A sponge-like cord in the red pulp of the spleen composed of macrophages and dendritic cells. The macrophages phagocytize pathogens, cell debris, and cells that are old, abnormal, or damaged, especially red blood cells. Phagocytosis may be increased when the spleen is enlarged (splenomegaly).
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Splenadenoma
An enlarged spleen caused by hyperplasia of its pulp.
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Sago spleen
A spleen having the appearance of grains of sago.
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