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Synthetic insulin
Insulin made by the use of recombinant DNA methodology.
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Single component insulin
Highly purified insulin that contains less than 10 parts per million of proinsulin, a substance that is capable of inducing formation of anti-insulin antibodies.
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Insulin protamine zinc suspension
Long-acting insulin with onset in 6 to 8 hr and a duration of 30 to 36 hr.
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Insulin lispro
A synthetic insulin with a very rapid onset and short duration of action. Diabetic patients typically use it immediately before meals to prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. Its absorption is more rapid than regular insulin. It is made by reversing the amino acids lysine and proline in the beta chain of the insulin polypeptide (hence its name…
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Insulin isophane suspension
Intermediate-acting insulin with onset in ½ to 1 hr and a duration of 18 to 28 hr.
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Insulin injection site
The places on the body that are suitable for injecting insulin. Because insulin is administered at least once daily, it is important to have a plan for selecting the site. The best sites for insulin injection are in the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen. The arms and legs can also be used, but insulin uptake…
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Inhaled insulin
Insulin given by inspiration, with the use of an inhaler. It may be composed of liquid droplets or a dry powder. One inhaled insulin product was removed from use in 2008 because of its adverse effects on the lungs.
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Human insulin
Insulin prepared by recombinant DNA technology utilizing strains of Escherichia coli. In its effect it is similar to insulins secreted by the human pancreas.
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Insulin glargine
A form of insulin that provides basal insulin coverage throughout the day, with little variation in drug levels. It is typically administered as a single injection (often at bedtime) and is usually part of a regimen that includes multiple injections of short-acting insulins or multiple doses of metformin at meal time. It is made by…
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Insulin aspart
A rapidly acting insulin administered subcutaneously, with action similar to that of insulin lispro. Aspartic acid replaces proline at a crucial position in the insulin molecule.
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