Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Phosphoplipids
Phosphoplipids belong to a large family of molecules containing both lipid and phosphate components (such as glycerophosphatides, sphingolipids, etc.). In particular, glycerophosphatides consist of a glycerol bound to two fatty acids and a phosphate molecule that is linked to one of many compounds including choline, serine, ethanol- amine, and inositol. Phosphatidyl choline, also known as…
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Phosphate salts
Phosphate salts of sodium and potassium have been proposed to be ergogenic for several reasons. Proposed mechanisms include increased availability of phosphate for oxidative phosphorylation and phospho- creatine synthesis, production of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, which is important for delivery of oxygen to tissues via hemoglobin, and buffering the accumulation of hydrogen ions in the blood, thus maintaining…
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Phosphagens
Phosphagens are compounds that possess a high-energy phosphate bond that when broken produces energy that can be used to drive biochemical reactions such as muscle contraction, active transport, and biosynthesis. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is most commonly used for these purposes within the body. Another important phosphagen is creatine phosphate, which is used extensively to restore…
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Ovovegetarian
An ovovegetarian will consume eggs in addition to plant foods, but will not consume meat, fish, poultry, or dairy foods. A vegetarian who incorporates eggs into their diet alongside plant-based foods.
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Octacosanol
Octacosanol is a 28-carbon alcohol sometimes referred to as octacosyl alcohol. It is a component of wax extracted from plants such as wheat germ, from which it is typically available as part of a mixture called policosanol. Although there is no known biological need for octacosanol, it has been marketed as an ergogenic aid and…
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Nonessential nutrients
Nonessential nutrients are substances often provided in the diet of humans that can be produced in adequate amounts within the body to meet our needs for normal growth, development, and maintenance. Dietary intake of a nonessential nutrient will decrease the demand for its production.
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Muscle hypertrophy
Hypertrophy of muscle cells (also called muscle fibers) refers to the enlargement or growth of the muscle cell. Strenuous exercise can produce muscle hypertrophy, which accounts for the majority of an increase in lean body mass during resistance training. Hypertrophy occurs due to increases in the number and size of myofibrils within the muscle fiber…
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Muscle hyperplasia
Hyperplasia of muscle cells (also called muscle fibers) is a term used to describe an increase in the number of muscle cells. Some controversy exists with regard to the contribution of hyperplasia as a result of heavy exercise. Overall, hyperplasia does not appear to be a major contributor to growth during resistance training.
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Multivitamin-multimineral supplements
Vitamins and minerals are needed in very small quantities for the body. Both are required for vital functions in the body, which include biochemical reactions for energy production, hemoglobin synthesis, bone health, immune function, reactions and structural properties for the synthesis and repair of muscle tissue, and the protection against oxidation processes in the body.…
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Medium-chain fatty acids
Fatty acids with chain lengths of between 6 to 10 carbons are considered medium-chain fatty acids. Additionally, some references classify lauric acid, which has 12 carbons, as a medium-chain fatty acid as well.
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