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A nucleotide consisting of thymine (a pyrimidine base) deoxyribose and 1, 2, or 3 phosphate groups.  

Hormones that play a critical role in the immune system. They include thymosin a, (32 fraction 5, thymus humoral factor (THG-γ2), and thymopoietin. Any of the hormones produced by the thymus that may help attract lymphoid stem cells to the thymus and stimulate their development into mature T lymphocytes. These hormones include thymulin, thymopoietin, and…

Control mechanism in which the cells of the anterior hypothalamus of the brain sense a need for water and stimulate drinking behavior.  

A drug that decreases insulin resistance, increases muscle glucose use, decreases gluconeogenesis, increases PPARγ in adipose tissue, and leads to an increase in fatty acid uptake by the adipose tissue. A class of oral hypoglycemic agents that lowers blood sugars by reducing insulin resistance (improving tissue sensitivity to the effects of insulin) in fat and…

An enzyme found in raw fish that destroys thiamin.  

Coenyzme form of thiamin, also called thiamin pyrophosphate.  

Uncoupling protein produced by brown adipose fat cells; when produced/released it serves to dissipate the proton gradient in the mitochondria with the result of a failure to trap some of the energy released by the respiratory chain into the high-energy bond of ATP. Instead, all of this energy is released as heat.  

Diets designed to manage the symptoms of metabolic disorders such as obesity, diabetes, hypertension.  

A genetic disorder characterized by a defect in one of the hemoglobin chains, which reduces its oxygen-carrying capacity. Hereditary (autosomal recessive) form of anemia, occurring most often in people of Mediterranean origin, characterized by abnormal hemoglobin synthesis. Persons homozygous for the trait, inheriting it from both parents—“thalassemia major”—are severely affected in childhood with anemia, enlarged…

A coenzyme form of the vitamin folacin; a carrier of methyl groups.