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The upper and wider part of the ureter leading from the kidney where urine is collected before passing down the ureter into the bladder. The expanded proximal end of the ureter. It is within the renal sinus of the kidney and receives the urine through the major calyces.  

The inner part of a kidney containing no glomeruli.  

High blood pressure linked to kidney disease. Elevation of blood pressure due to renal artery atherosclerosis or other kidney diseases. Hypertension produced by kidney disease. The mechanism causing an increase in blood pressure is either alteration in the renal regulation of sodium and fluids or alteration in renal secretion of vasoconstrictors, which alter the tone…

A method of artificially maintaining the chemical balance of the blood when the kidneys have failed, or the process of using this method.  

The outer covering of the kidney, immediately beneath the capsule.  

Part of a nephron in the cortex of a kidney. A glomerulus and Bowman’s capsule of the nephron of a kidney, the site of glomerular filtration.  

A sudden pain caused by a kidney stone or stones in the ureter. Sharp pain in the lower back radiating to the groin, usually associated with the passage of a calculus (stone) through the ureter. Sudden, severe, sharp pain originating from the area of the back over the kidney, associated with spasms, due to presence…

The measurement of the rate at which kidneys filter impurities from blood.  

A small hard mineral mass called a stone in the kidney. A calculus in the kidney that may block urine flow. If the ureter is blocked by the stone, there is sudden, severe, and paroxysmal renal colic often with chills, fever, hematuria, and frequency of urination. If stones do not pass spontaneously, they should be…

One of two arteries running from the abdominal aorta to the kidneys. Either of a pair of arteries arising from the abdominal aorta and supplying the kidneys, adrenal glands, and ureters. Paired blood vessels of the kidneys that supply oxygenated blood to the kidneys, suprarenal glands, and ureters. Either of two large arteries arising from…