Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.

Cirrhosis of the liver caused by heart disease. Passive congestion of the liver due to congestive heart failure.  

A procedure which involves passing a catheter into the heart. A diagnostic procedure in which a tube is inserted into a blood vessel under local anaesthetic and threaded through to the chambers of the heart to monitor blood flow, blood pressure, blood chemistry and the output of the heart, and to take a sample of…

A catheter passed through a vein into the heart, to take blood samples, to record pressure or to examine the interior of the heart before surgery. A long, fine catheter specially designed for passage through the lumen of a blood vessel into the arteries or chambers of the heart.  

A condition in which the patient is unable to relax the cardia, the muscle at the entrance to the stomach, with the result that food cannot enter the stomach.  

An opening at the top of the stomach which joins it to the gullet. A small area of the stomach at the point nearest the heart where the esophagus joins the stomach. The opening at the upper end of the stomach that connects with the esophagus (gullet). Cardia is a term applied to the upper…

A carcinoma which has spread to many sites in the body. A condition in which carcinoma spreads to multiple sites in the body. Carcinoma may grow extensively in the organ where it originates, damaging both the organ and surrounding tissue. In carcinomatosis, it spreads to numerous other organs. Carcinoma that has spread widely throughout the…

A group of symptoms which are associated with a carcinoid tumour. Carcinoid tumors were first discovered in the 1800s, and the term carcinoid began being used by the medical profession in 1907. Tumors were found to arise from glandular endocrine-hormone producing cells found commonly in the small intestine. To a lesser extent, these tumors may…

An intestinal tumour, especially in the appendix, which causes diarrhoea. A tumor derived from the neuroendocrine cells in the intestinal tract, bile ducts, pancreas, bronchus, or ovary. It secretes serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) and other vasoactive substances. A non-cancerous growth that originates from cells found in the appendix or other intestinal tissues. Under a microscope, it may…

The presence of carboxyhaemoglobin in the blood. The term applied to the state of the blood in carbon monoxide poisoning, in which this gas combines with the haemoglobin, displacing oxygen from it.  

A compound of carbon monoxide and haemoglobin formed when a person breathes in carbon monoxide from tobacco smoke or car exhaust fumes.