Mindblown: a blog about philosophy.
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Vertical resistance
Resistance to specific pathogen races while susceptible to others is a concept introduced by J.E. van der Plank in their work on plant diseases, epidemics, and control published in 1963 under Academic Press in New York and London. The resistance in question involves noticeable interactions that can be identified through a variance analysis of a…
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Stable resistance
Resistance which retains its usefulness for a long period. Durable resistance may be preferred. Care should be used with both terms since they refer to the genetic equilibrium of host-pathogen interaction and not the mechanism involved. Not synonymous with non-specific resistance.
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Seedling resistance
During the early growth stage of a plant, the presence of resistance can be identified. However, this observation does not provide any indication regarding the specific nature, mechanism, or method of inheritance of the resistance being observed.
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Race specific resistance
Resistance to certain strains of the pathogen is observed, while other strains are not affected. This phenomenon is usually associated with oligogenic resistance cases where there is a gene-for-gene correlation between the host and the pathogen. The term “horizontal resistance” is more appropriate than the interchangeable term “vertical resistance” because it precisely defines the…
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Race non-specific resistance
Resistance to all races of a pathogen pertains to the capacity of an organism to combat infections instigated by diverse strains of the same pathogen. This classification of resistance is also acknowledged as horizontal resistance and is favored due to its illustrative quality. It is important to take note that this sort of resistance is…
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Quantitative resistance
Resistance can manifest as a continuous variate that fluctuates between maximum and minimum levels. Its sensitivity to environmental factors and inoculum density is frequent. Quantitative resistance is often linked to polygenic inheritance, but it does not have the same meaning as either polygenic or minor gene resistance, as they refer to different aspects: the expression…
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Qualitative resistance
Resistance that occurs in significant and uneven bursts, and is minimally impacted by environmental factors within the boundaries of typical circumstances. It is often linked with oligogenic heredity, and it should not be employed as a substitute for oligogenic or major gene resistance, as it pertains to the demonstration of resistance, rather than its hereditary…
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Polygenic resistance
Resistance to diseases or pests in plants is influenced by multiple genes, known as polygenes. These genes control a quantitative characteristic, meaning that the level of resistance is not determined by a single gene, but rather by the collective effect of many genes. It is important to note that this type of resistance is distinct…
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Passive resistance
Passive resistance refers to a form of resistance exhibited by the host in the presence of a pathogen that does not involve any defensive reactions. Such resistance can stem from the host’s physical or chemical attributes that impede the pathogen’s ability to infect or from a lack of qualities that aid in infection facilitation or…
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Oligogenic resistance
Resistance to certain traits or characteristics is often influenced by only a small number of genes, and the impact of these genes on the phenotype can range from significant to minimal, depending on whether they are major or minor genes.
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