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Area of bone in direct contact with the implant surface; usually measured from histologic specimens.  

Description of color based on various attributes (e.g., names of colors) or based on the senses (e.g., smell, touch, sound).  

Anaerobic, grampositive cocci that infect the whole body including soft tissues. In dentistry, these organisms can invade the subgingival flora, leading to infection and slow recovery times.  

Gram‐positive, nonmotile, anaerobic cocci occurring in irregular groups or clusters. Frequently found as a part of the subgingival plaque flora and occasionally implicated in oral infections and periodontal diseases.  

Major structural component of bacterial cell walls. Thicker in grampositive than in gram‐negative bacteria. Synthesis is inhibited by the beta‐lactam antibiotics. A large, complex carbohydrate that forms layers in the cell walls of bacteria. Gram-positive cell walls have many peptide-linked layers; gram-negative cell walls have few layers.  

Receptor sites (commonly transpeptidase enzymes) for penicillin in its inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis; alterations in or formation of new PBPs are major mechanisms of resistance to penicillins. Also known as penicillin‐sensitive enzymes (PSEs).  

Any of a large group of natural or semi‐synthetic antibacterial antibiotics derived directly or indirectly from strains of fungi of the genus Penicillium and other soilinhabiting fungi grown on special culture media. They exert a bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect on susceptible bacteria by interfering with the final stages of the synthesis of peptidoglycans, a substance…

A chronic vesiculobullous autoimmune disorder that primarily affects the mucosa in older females; characterized by a subbasalar separation of epithelium from connective tissue; almost all cases have an oral involvement, with the gingiva being the most favored site. A skin disease which is similar to pemphigus. Any condition characterized by the appearance of bullae (blisters),…

Allowing for the passage of light without distortion; transparent. Translucent, not quite transparent but with some light coming through when held up to the light (e.g. of gland dots in leaves of Rutaceae).