A chemical substance that increases the activity of a carcinogenic process.
DNA sequence within a gene that controls the start of transcription for that gene.
The region on DNA to which RNA polymerase binds and initiates transcription. The promoter “promotes” the transcription (expression) of that gene. A region of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) which lies “upstream” of the transcriptional initiation site of a gene. The promoter controls where (e.g., which portion of a plant, which organ within an animal, etc.) and when (e.g., which stage in the lifetime of an organism) that the gene is expressed. For example, the promoter named “Bce4” is “seed-specific” [i.e., it only “promotes” the expression of a given gene’s product (e.g., protein, fatty acid, amino acids, etc.) within a plant’s seed].
A substance that does not in and of itself cause cancer, but that increases the rate of cancer formation when one is exposed to it after being exposed to a carcinogen.
To help something to take place.
To raise a person to a more senior job or a higher position.
A region of DNA involved in binding RNA polymerase and various regulatory transcription factors to initiate transcription.