Smilax is considered an anabolic herb due to its sterol content that provides testosterone-like effects according to manufacturers. Anabolic herbs are assumed to be converted in the body into anabolic steroids, and are most commonly used by bodybuilders and weight lifters. However, there is no evidence to support the conversion of plant sterols to testosterone in the human body. In addition, smilax can cause gastric irritation and temporary kidney dysfunction.