The flowing of urine back from the bladder up the ureters during urination, which may carry infection from the bladder to the kidneys.
The backflow of urine from the bladder into the ureters. This is due to defective valves (which normally prevent reflux). Infection is conveyed to the kidneys, causing recurrent attacks of acute pyelonephritis and scarring of the kidneys in childhood. Children with urinary infection must be investigated for reflux by cystoscopy; if the condition does not settle with antibiotic therapy corrective surgery must be performed.
The back flow of urine from the urinary bladder into the ureters. The cause is defects in the valves which normally prevent this reflux from occurring. If, in addition to reflux, the patient usually a child acquires bacteria in the bladder, the consequence may be one or more attacks of pyelonephritis caused by the infected urine gaining access to the kidney pelvis. Diagnosis is by imaging techniques. Treatment is by long-term antibiotics while awaiting spontaneous recovery. Occasionally, corrective surgery is required.
The retrograde movement of urine from the bladder back into the ureters (the conduits transporting urine from the kidneys to the bladder). Vesicoureteric reflux leads to frequent urinary infections in children, frequently resulting in acute pyelonephritis and kidney scarring. Stemming from a faulty valve mechanism, this condition is identified through micturating cystourethrography. Antibiotic medications are administered to forestall infections, yet corrective surgical intervention might also be necessary.