1.0Glossaryhttps://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/glossaryGlossaryhttps://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/glossary/author/adminglossary/rich600338<blockquote class="wp-embedded-content" data-secret="bIUemlsUFM"><a href="https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/glossary/enzyme/">Enzyme</a></blockquote><iframe sandbox="allow-scripts" security="restricted" src="https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/glossary/enzyme/embed/#?secret=bIUemlsUFM" width="600" height="338" title="“Enzyme” — Glossary" data-secret="bIUemlsUFM" frameborder="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" scrolling="no" class="wp-embedded-content"></iframe><script> /*! This file is auto-generated */ !function(d,l){"use strict";l.querySelector&&d.addEventListener&&"undefined"!=typeof URL&&(d.wp=d.wp||{},d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage||(d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage=function(e){var t=e.data;if((t||t.secret||t.message||t.value)&&!/[^a-zA-Z0-9]/.test(t.secret)){for(var s,r,n,a=l.querySelectorAll('iframe[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),o=l.querySelectorAll('blockquote[data-secret="'+t.secret+'"]'),c=new RegExp("^https?:$","i"),i=0;i<o.length;i++)o[i].style.display="none";for(i=0;i<a.length;i++)s=a[i],e.source===s.contentWindow&&(s.removeAttribute("style"),"height"===t.message?(1e3<(r=parseInt(t.value,10))?r=1e3:~~r<200&&(r=200),s.height=r):"link"===t.message&&(r=new URL(s.getAttribute("src")),n=new URL(t.value),c.test(n.protocol))&&n.host===r.host&&l.activeElement===s&&(d.top.location.href=t.value))}},d.addEventListener("message",d.wp.receiveEmbedMessage,!1),l.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded",function(){for(var e,t,s=l.querySelectorAll("iframe.wp-embedded-content"),r=0;r<s.length;r++)(t=(e=s[r]).getAttribute("data-secret"))||(t=Math.random().toString(36).substring(2,12),e.src+="#?secret="+t,e.setAttribute("data-secret",t)),e.contentWindow.postMessage({message:"ready",secret:t},"*")},!1)))}(window,document); //# sourceURL=https://www.healthbenefitstimes.com/glossary/wp-includes/js/wp-embed.min.js </script> A catalytic protein formed by living cells and having a specific action in promoting a chemical change.A substance made by living cells that causes some particular chemical change to happen without itself being destroyed.An organic compound that interacts with a biological substrate to form a new chemical, either (and more commonly) through the process of synthesis or through degradation. For example, the enzyme monoamine oxidase degrades biogenic amines.A protein that catalyses a metabolic reaction, so increasing its rate. Enzymes are specific for both the compounds acted on (the substrates) and the reactions carried out.A complex mostly protein product of living cells that induces or speeds chemical reactions in plants and animals (man) without being itself permanently altered.A protein catalyst that stimulates and accelerates the velocity of chemical changes in the body.A protein that accelerates the speed of a chemical reaction without itself being changed by the reaction.An organic, protein-based catalyst that is not itself used up in the reaction. It is naturally produced by living cells to catalyze biochemical reactions. Each enzyme is highly specific with regard to the type of chemical reaction that it catalyzes, and to the substances (called substrates) upon which it acts. This specific catalytic activity and its control by other biochemical constituents are of primary importance in the physiological functions of all organisms. Although all enzymes are proteins, they may, and usually do, contain additional nonprotein components called coenzymes that are essential for catalytic activity.Complex proteins that are produced by the living cells and catalyze specific biochemical reaction.A protein produced by the body that initiates and accelerates chemical reactions.Chemicals that are essential for such processes as digestion (catabolism) and protein synthesis in cells.A protein substance produced by living cells which aids a biochemical reaction in the body.Proteins produced in living cells that accelerate metabolic reactions.Protein that catalyses a chemical reaction, e.g. the hydrolysis of acetylcholine.Proteins produced by the cells that are involved in every chemical reaction in the body. They initiate the reactions and control the rate at which they occur. There are thousands of enzymes. Each one has a specific function; for example, the digestive enzyme amylase acts on carbohydrates in foods to break them down.A protein molecule that acts as a catalyst in chemical reactions in the cells of the body without being altered itself.Complex proteins that are capable of inducing chemical changes in other substances without being changed them selves.A protein that speeds up a chemical reaction.Biological catalysts that are proteinaceous in nature, and enormous in number and functional variety. They are present in all living systems and mediate numerous reactions.A substance, usually protein in nature and formed in living cells, which brings about chemical changes.Protein that acts as a catalyst in chemical reactions.Specific proteins that act as catalysts in promoting a chemical reaction in the body.Proteins that serve as catalysts of biological reactions.An enzyme is a protein that serves as a catalyst for a chemical reaction. In metabolism, most chemical reactions are reversible and require the enzyme for both directions of the reactions.Protein produced in cells that acts as a catalyst speeding up the rate of biological reactions without itself being used up. Many enzymes are involved in digestion (e.g., lipase helps to break down fat) and respiration.Chemical substance produced by the body's endocrine system or organs to break down large molecules into smaller components for digestion; often ends with the suffix-ase.A protein secreted by cells that can act as a catalyst, changing or modifying other body secretions and processes without being changed itself.A protein that promotes or accelerates a specific chemical reaction. Most of the body's enzymes are manufactured in small quantities, and their function is to catalyze chemical reactions in cells. However, digestive enzymes are produced in large quantities to break down the fats, carbohydrates, and proteins in food into smaller chemical components that the body can absorb.A protein that, in small amounts, speeds up the rate of a biological reaction without itself being used up in the reaction (i.e. it acts as a catalyst). An enzyme acts by binding with the substance involved in the reaction (the substrate) and converting it into another substance (the product of the reaction). An enzyme is relatively specific in the type of reaction it catalyzes; hence there are many different enzymes for the various biochemical reactions. Each enzyme requires certain conditions for optimum activity, particularly correct temperature and pH, the presence of coenzymes, and absence of specific inhibitors. Enzymes are unstable and are easily inactivated by heat or certain chemicals. They are produced within living cells and may act either within the cell (as in cellular respiration) or outside it (as in digestion). The names of enzymes usually end in -ase; enzymes are named according to the substrate upon which they act (as in lactase), or the type of reaction they catalyze (as in hydrolase).A protein that acts as a catalyst for the body’s metabolic processes. The body contains thousands of enzymes, with each cell producing several varieties. They are present in the digestive fluids and in many of the tissues, and are capable of producing in small amounts the transformation on a large scale of various compounds. Examples of enzymes are found in the ptyalin of saliva and diastase of pancreatic juice which split up starch into sugar; the pepsin of the gastric juice and the trypsin of pancreatic juice which break proteins into simpler molecules and eventually into the constituent amino acids; and the thrombin of the blood which causes coagulation.An organic catalyst produced by living cells but capable of acting outside cells or even in vitro. Most enzymes are proteins (some RNAs are enzymes) that change the rate of chemical reactions without needing an external energy source or being changed themselves; an enzyme may catalyze a reaction many times. Enzymes are reaction specific in that they act only on certain substances (called substrates). The enzyme and its substrate or substrates form a temporary configuration, called an enzyme substrate complex, that involves both physical shape and chemical bonding. The enzyme promotes the formation of bonds between separate substrates, or induces the breaking of bonds in a single substrate to form the product or products of the reaction. The human body contains thousands of enzymes, each catalyzing one of the many reactions that take place as part of metabolism.An organic catalyst, protein in nature, which is produced by living organisms but which is capable of functioning outside of the cell.A protein or other type of molecule that helps chemical processes happen in living things.A substance that helps carry out chemical reactions in the body.Substances, usually proteins formed in living cells, that cause or speed up chemical reactions such as the breakdown of protein to amino acids in the gastrointestinal tract.A collection of polypeptides that operate in the modulation of the rate of a biochemical reaction.Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts, facilitating chemical reactions in food and the body. They are found in various foods and digestive juices, and aid in the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins for absorption. B vitamins, such as thiamin, riboflavin, and nicotinic acid, act as enzymes on carbohydrates, oxidizing them into sugars for absorption. Vegetables contain oxidase enzymes that can destroy vitamin C, while enzymes in the digestive tract help break down food into absorbable substances. Enzymes can be destroyed by heat, strong acids, or alkalis, and their effects can be slowed by low temperatures.A variety of protein naturally generated within the body, which facilitates or accelerates chemical reactions.Enzymes are proteins responsible for controlling the speed of chemical reactions in the body. There exist numerous enzymes, each with a distinct chemical structure. It is this specific structure that dictates the particular reaction regulated by the enzyme.Every cell in the body generates various types of enzymes, and different tissues possess unique sets of enzymes that align with their specialized functions. For instance, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes such as lipase, protease, and amylase, while the liver produces several enzymes that aid in drug metabolism, among many others.For proper functioning, numerous enzymes require an additional component called a coenzyme, often derived from vitamins or minerals.Enzyme activity can be affected by various factors, including the action of drugs. Some drugs, like barbiturate drugs, can increase the activity of liver enzymes, altering the rate at which other drugs are metabolized by the liver cells. This phenomenon, known as enzyme induction, leads to significant drug interactions with clinical implications.On the other hand, numerous drugs work by inhibiting or obstructing enzyme action. For instance, certain antibiotic drugs eradicate bacteria by blocking bacterial enzymes while leaving human enzymes unharmed. Likewise, some anticancer drugs target and block enzyme activity in tumor cells, causing lesser effects on normal body cells.Assessing enzyme levels in the blood can be valuable in diagnosing specific disorders. For instance, after a myocardial infarction (heart attack), the level of heart muscle enzymes increases as the damaged heart releases enzymes into the bloodstream. Likewise, in muscular dystrophy, levels of muscle enzymes are elevated.Numerous inherited metabolic disorders, such as phenylketonuria, galactosaemia, and G6PD deficiency, result from defects or deficiencies in enzymes. Tests conducted on blood or other body fluids can detect abnormal enzymes or their levels, aiding in the diagnosis of these conditions.Enzymes have the potential to be highly beneficial in the treatment of specific conditions. For individuals experiencing malabsorption due to pancreatic disease, administering pancreatic enzymes can help facilitate digestion.Enzymes like streptokinase and alteplase are utilized in the treatment of acute thrombosis and embolism, which are conditions that lead to the blockage of blood vessels. These enzymes work by effectively dissolving the clots, helping to restore normal blood flow.A chemical compound generated by cells in a tissue that induces a specific chemical transformation.Complex proteins that can induce chemical changes in other substances without undergoing changes themselves.