Month: August 2020

A muscle contraction in which the force exerted varies as the muscle shortens to accommodate change in muscle length and/or joint angle throughout the range of motion while moving a constant external load. Isotonic contraction.  

The ability to make necessary postural adjustments while the center of gravity and the base of support are in motion.  

A description of how a change in one variable is associated with a corresponding change in another variable. In epidemiology, as the amount of exposure to a risk factor increases, the rate of the effect of the exposure increases.  

A technique that calculates stroke volume from measurements of aortic cross-sectional area and time-velocity integration in the ascending aorta. The use of ultrasound technology to determine blood flow velocity in different locations in the heart, but especially across the heart valves. This is an examination that evaluates the blood flow within the heart using ultrasound,…

The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle. Period of cardiac muscle relaxation alternating with systole or contraction. The period between beats when the heart is at rest and not contracting. Relaxation of the heart in each beat. Period between two contractions of the heart, when the chambers widen and fill with blood. On heart muscle…

The partial or complete loss of training-induced adaptations as a result of a training reduction or cessation.  

The measurement of mass per unit volume. The measurement of bone density using special X-ray techniques. Dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dexa) are often ordered to measure the density of the vertebrae in the lower back and hip. A woman’s bone density is generally checked at the beginning of menopause and again…

Is a condition characterized by muscle tenderness, pain on palpitation, and mechanical stiffness that appears approximately 8 hours after exercise, and increases and peaks over the next 24-48 hours, and usually subsides within 96 hours. Muscle tenderness, decreased strength, and decreased range of motion that develops 12 to 24 hr following strenuous exercise and peaks…

The force exerted on the wall of blood vessels by blood during relaxation of the heart (diastole). The lowest pressure in the arteries, which occurs when the heart is relaxed between beats. It is represented by the bottom number in the fraction of a blood-pressure reading. The pressure between beats when the heart is not…