Category: C

Cells in the adrenal medulla and also the kidney, ovary, testis, heart, and gastrointestinal tract. Similar cell types are found in the carotid and aortic bodies. In the adrenal medulla, these cells produce epinephrine. An epinephrine-containing cell of the adrenal medulla whose granules stain brown when cells are stained with a fluid containing potassium bichromate.…

Hormone produced by the placenta; an analog of thyroid-stimulating hormone.  

A 190 amino acid hormone that is similar to growth hormone. It plays a role in mobilizing maternal fat stores to support the developing fetus and also has a role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis in the pregnant female.  

A heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone of 57 kDa consisting of a noncovalent bound a (92 amino acid residues) and a distinctive β (134 amino acid residues) subunits found in the blood of pregnant females. The major function of this hormone is to stimulate the production of progesterone by the corpus luteum. This ensures a continuous supply…

Surgical removal of gall bladder (and gallstones) from a patient whose bladder has become inflamed; the bile duct from the liver is connected directly to the small intestine.  

Jaundice resulting from an abnormality (obstruction) in the flow of bile from the liver to the gall bladder to the intestine. Jaundice produced by failure of bile to flow to the duodenum. It may be caused by intrahepatic bile duct obstruction (e.g., in certain drug reactions), liver cell damage (e.g., in viral hepatitis), or extrahepatic…

Obstruction of the common bile duct; presence of a stone in the duct. The presence of calculi in the common bile duct. Stones within the common bile duct. The stones usually form in the gall bladder and pass into the bile duct, but they may develop within the bile ducts after cholecystectomy.  

Part of the system which maintains the blood acid-base balance. Chloride and bicarbonate ions exchange across the erythrocyte plasma membrane, “the shift.” The shift of chloride ions from the plasma into the red blood cells upon the addition of carbon dioxide from the tissues, and the reverse movement when carbon dioxide is released in the…

A molecule of DNA or RNA or protein containing sequences from two different species.  

The occurrence of galactorrhea (nonnursing lactation) and amenorrhea during the postpartum period; the disease may be due to a prolactin-secreting tumor. Persistent lactation and amenorrhea following childbirth, caused by continued prolactin secretion and decreased gonadotropin production. A pituitary adenoma may be present.